| Popis: |
Summary Predictions of production obtained by numerical simulation often depend on grid resolution as fine resolution is required to resolve key aspects of flow. Moreover, the controls on flow can depend on well location in a model. In some cases, it may be key to capture coning or cusping; in others, it might be the location of specific high permeability thief zones or low permeability flow barriers. Thus, models with a suitable grid resolution for one particular set of well locations may fail to properly capture key aspects of flow if the wells are moved. During well optimisation, it is impossible to predict a-priori which well locations will be tested in a given model. Thus, it is unlikely to know a-priori if the grid resolution is suitable for all possible locations tested during a well optimisation procedure on a single model, and the problem is even more profound if well optimisation is tested over a range of different models. Here, we report an optimisation methodology based on Dynamic Mesh Optimisation (DMO). DMO will produce optimised meshes for a given model, set of well locations, pressure (and other key fields) distribution and timelevel. Grid-free Surface-Based Modelling (SBM) models are automatically generated in which well trajectories are introduced (also not constrained by a mesh), respected by DMO. For the optimization of the well location a Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach is used, more specifically the open-source software package DEAP. DMO ensures that all the models automatically generated and simulated in the optimisation process are modelled with an equivalent mesh resolution without user interaction, in this way, the local pressure drawdown and associated physical effects (such as coning or cusping) can be properly captured if they appear in any of the many scenarios that are studied. We demonstrate that the method has wide application in reservoir-scale models of oil and gas fields, and regional models of groundwater resources. |
