| Popis: |
Making the right decisions in the everyday practical activities of the agrotechnologist is the most important component determining the conditions for the growth and development of plants. It takes special importance in the conditions of incomplete (fuzzy) information. One of the perspective directions of solving problems of forecasting and modeling natural and human-corrected phenomena and processes is fuzzy logic. Studies of weather forecasting and the least costly creation of optimal conditions for the growth and development of agricultural plants are devoted to the work of many domestic and foreign scientists and, accordingly, there are various and sometimes contradictory points of view on the definition of predicted norms and the timing of irrigation. The relationships obtained in most of the studies and the calculation formulas describing the relationship between the volumes of water entering the sediments and watering with the processes of its infiltration into the soil are in many cases specialized for certain soils under specific conditions and are not always portable from soil to soil. In this regard, the paper discusses the modeling of the frequency and intensity of precipitation from long-term observations, as well as numerical calculations of the intensity of water absorption into the soil under natural precipitation and irrigation. This approach allows planning erosion-safe irrigation, which, in combination with natural precipitation, provides a favorable regime in the plant-soil-air system and, accordingly, obtaining high yields for the land under consideration. The state of the soil at different times determines in many respects how, on the one hand, the proportion of soaking water, and, on the other hand, the proportion of running water. And if the first part is directly connected with the moisture supply of plants, the second directly determines the danger of erosion processes. The rate of water absorption into the soil is influenced by factors such as specific surface area, soil porosity, initial humidity, structural and water resistance of aggregates, root system and plant density, etc. |
