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Molecular diagnostic test systems refer to techniques and laboratory protocols for detecting, identifying and amplifying nucleic acid sequences. By differentiating one sequence from another, even if they differ only by a single nucleotide base change, a wide range of clinically useful and scientifically valuable diagnostic information may be obtained. In the field of human diseases molecular diagnostics are applicable to infectious organisms, genetic and hereditary diseases, cell and tissue typing, and to genetic mutations, recombinants, duplications or rearrangements associated with various forms of cancer. Genomic matching between individuals has become practical and is used widely for parentage testing and for evidence in forensic and crime situations. In the future, individual DNA “fingerprints” may be deposited in data banks as sources of unique individual identification. |
