| Popis: |
Today, the heavy metal pollution has become a major and serious concern. Heavy metals severely affect the ecosystem and also cause health hazard. Heavy metals and metalloids such as Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Hg, Ag, As, Zn are considered as serious systemic toxicants because they may induce toxicity even at the lower concentrations. Most of them have the tendency to bio-accumulate and undergo biomagnifications; moreover, metallic pollutants are not biodegradable. Thus, the removal and recovery of heavy metals are indispensable for the safety of environment and human health. Biosorption is a potential alternative over conventional methods for the removal of heavy metals. Biomass of microbes, agricultural waste, industrial waste, sewage sludge, etc. has been used as biosorbents. Nowadays, various marine bacteria draw a specific attention of scientists for heavy metal removal due to their unique characteristic features of adaptation to the extreme conditions. Hence, they can be better employed in bioremediation of heavy metals, as compared to the bacteria found in other natural habitats. The process of biosorption can be made eco-friendly and cost-effective by regenerating and reusing the biosorbents after performing desorption of metals from the biomass. |
