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This paper summarizes the application of dynamic discrete event simulation to study automated terminal operations and performance from the earliest stages of and throughout the planning process. A series of fast-tuned, agile, specifically designed simulation models were utilized to answer critical planning questions and to provide insights into operation processes. Individual models were created for quay cranes, a single storage block configuration, transfer and truck staging areas, the landside traffic system, and intermodal facility. These simulation exercises demonstrated that using specifically designed, agile simulation analyses not only provided timely results, but proved appropriate and useful in the development and planning of modern automated container terminals and intermodal facilities. |
