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Immune function is highly dependent on nutritional status, since its large mass and high rate of cellular turnover make the immune system a major user of nutrients. Furthermore, there is enhanced nutrient utilization during acute and chronic infections, including HIV-1 infection. Glutathione (GSH), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and choline are among the nutrients required to support cellular immune function; we have found reduced intra and/or extracellular concentrations of GSH, Mg, and choline in patients with HIV-1 infection in a prior study (Skurnick et al., 1996). The current study assessed relationships among HIV-1 progression and several nutritional/biochemical variables including three essential elements—magnesium, copper and zinc. |
