Potential Use of Dylox and Other Insecticides in a Control Program for Field Crop Pests in California1

Autor: H. T. Reynolds, G. D. Peterson, Vernon M. Stern, T. R. Fukuto
Rok vydání: 1960
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Economic Entomology. 53:72-78
ISSN: 1938-291X
0022-0493
DOI: 10.1093/jee/53.1.72
Popis: Dylox® ( O,O -dimethyl 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethylphosphonate) and several standard insecticides were evaluated for effectiveness on a rather wide range of insects damaging field crops in California. At varying dosages Dylox was effective in controlling the following pests on alfalfa hay: Alfalfa caterpillar, Colias philodice eurytheme Bdv.; webworm, Loxostege spp.; beet armyworm, Laphygma exigua. (Hbn.); and variegated cutworm, Peridroma margaritosa (Haw.). On seed alfalfa Dylox gave high mortalities of lygus bugs, Say stink bug, Chlorochroa sayi Stal, and Euschistus sp. In addition to the above-mentioned pests on seed alfalfa, on cotton Dylox was effective on cotton leaf perforator, Bucculatrix thurberiella Busck, salt-marsh caterpillar, Estigmene acrea (Drury), and was promising for control of southern garden leafhopper, Empoasca Solana DeL., and omniverous leafroller, Platynota stultana Wlshm. This chemical gave suits when applied to cotton for control of cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hbn.), and bollworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie). In general, the residual period of toxic activity in the field lasted only a few days. Dylox residues on alfalfa hay were below 1 p.p.m. 4 days after application at dosages of as much as 1 pound per acre. Only trace amounts were detected 10 days after application. Dylox was no more effective than some of the other compounds evaluated. In view of the fact, however, that it is relatively nontoxic to honey bee, Apis mellifera L., populations and, depending upon dosage applied, less toxic to most entomophagous arthropods than many chemicals currently in use, Dylox appears to be a potentially useful compound for use on many California field crops.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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