| Popis: |
Background: Spontaneous dissection of the carotid artery is a significant cause of stroke in young people, and may be the etiology of up to 25% of ischemic strokes in this age group. Understanding the causes and clinical parameters about the disease is essential, since the perception of signs and symptoms that anticipate a cerebrovascular accident is an important prognostic factor. Objectives: Expand knowledge about the clinical and etiological mechanisms of spontaneous carotid dissection, in addition to the possibilities of diagnostic tools, providing an early approach to the disease. Methods: The study was carried out through the selection of scientific articles of systematic review on pathology, published in journals stored in the database of the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PUBMED and Google Scholar website. Results: The pathology is associated with several factors, including systemic arterial hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, antiphospholipid antibody syndromes, mild cervical trauma and genetic alterations. Acute ipsilateral pain to the neck, associated with unilateral throbbing headache, was the most reported symptom. Conclusions: The perception of symptoms anticipating a cerebrovascular accident is essential to prevent secondary injuries. Although digital angiography is the gold standard test, MRI angiography and color Doppler ultrasound have been increasingly used during the acute phase of spontaneous carotid dissections. |
