Chemically activated cow bone for increased fluoride removal from drinking water
| Autor: | David A. Sabatini, Elizabeth C. Butler, Teshome L. Yami |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Bone char
Chemistry 0208 environmental biotechnology Inorganic chemistry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health food and beverages 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Development 01 natural sciences Pollution World health 020801 environmental engineering chemistry.chemical_compound Unit mass Bassanite Yield (chemistry) Fluoride adsorption Waste Management and Disposal Fluoride 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. 6:215-223 |
| ISSN: | 2408-9362 2043-9083 |
| Popis: | Thermally activated cow bone is widely utilized for treating fluoride impacted drinking water to meet the World Health Organization guideline value of 1.5 mg/L. However, the fluoride removal capacity of bone char is low, leaving room for further improvement. This study, therefore, strives to improve the fluoride adsorption capacity of cow bone by using chemical activation in place of thermal activation. Chemically activated cow bones (CABs) had, on average, a four-fold higher fluoride adsorption capacity than bone char. Characterization of the most effective CAB were made to explore potential reasons for the increased fluoride adsorption capacity. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the CAB showed formation of bassanite and monetite minerals which may be responsible for the higher fluoride adsorption capacity. Chemical activation is also a lower-cost production process than the thermal activation of cow bone. Further, a higher mass of media was recovered per unit mass of starting material during chemical activation. Therefore, this research shows that increased fluoride removal capacity can be achieved with chemical activation of cow bone while reducing activation costs and greatly increasing product yield per unit mass of starting material, all of which support further evaluation and field testing of this material. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|