Tropical Cyclone Climatology in a 10-km Global Atmospheric GCM: Toward Weather-Resolving Climate Modeling
| Autor: | Jennifer M. Adams, James L. Kinter, Peter Towers, Cristiana Stan, Benjamin A. Cash, Bohua Huang, Deepthi Achuthavarier, Eric L. Altshuler, Thomas Jung, Julia V. Manganello, L. Marx, Emilia Kyung Jin, Kevin I. Hodges, Nils Wedi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
geography geography.geographical_feature_category 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Integrated Forecast System 0207 environmental engineering GCM transcription factors 02 engineering and technology Subtropics Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences Sea surface temperature 13. Climate action Climatology Sea ice Environmental science Climate model Tropical cyclone forecast model Tropical cyclone 020701 environmental engineering 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Climate. 25:3867-3893 |
| ISSN: | 1520-0442 0894-8755 |
| DOI: | 10.1175/jcli-d-11-00346.1 |
| Popis: | Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone (TC) activity is investigated in multiyear global climate simulations with the ECMWF Integrated Forecast System (IFS) at 10-km resolution forced by the observed records of sea surface temperature and sea ice. The results are compared to analogous simulations with the 16-, 39-, and 125-km versions of the model as well as observations.In the North Atlantic, mean TC frequency in the 10-km model is comparable to the observed frequency, whereas it is too low in the other versions. While spatial distributions of the genesis and track densities improve systematically with increasing resolution, the 10-km model displays qualitatively more realistic simulation of the track density in the western subtropical North Atlantic. In the North Pacific, the TC count tends to be too high in the west and too low in the east for all resolutions. These model errors appear to be associated with the errors in the large-scale environmental conditions that are fairly similar in this region for all model versions.The largest benefits of the 10-km simulation are the dramatically more accurate representation of the TC intensity distribution and the structure of the most intense storms. The model can generate a supertyphoon with a maximum surface wind speed of 68.4 m s−1. The life cycle of an intense TC comprises intensity fluctuations that occur in apparent connection with the variations of the eyewall/rainband structure. These findings suggest that a hydrostatic model with cumulus parameterization and of high enough resolution could be efficiently used to simulate the TC intensity response (and the associated structural changes) to future climate change. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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