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Zi-You Wu,1,2 Wei Shen,3 Juan-Qing Yue,4 Wen-Yan Yao,1,2 Shi-Lei Liu,1,2 Yun-Peng Jin,1,2 Ping Dong,1,2 Fei Ma,1,2 Xiang-Song Wu,1,2,* Wei Gong1,2,* 1Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiang-Song Wu; Wei GongDepartment of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13651683182Email wuxiangsong@xinhuamed.com.cn gongwei@xinhuamed.com.cnPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the Immunoscore as an independent prognostic factor for cholangiocarcinoma and establish a useful prognostic model for postoperative patients.Methods: This retrospective study was performed to assess the correlation between the clinicopathological features, tumor immune microenvironment, and prognosis of 76 patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent factors significantly associated with local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS). Finally, we constructed a nomogram combining the Immunoscore with clinicopathologic features to predict postoperative recurrence and OS.Results: The present study showed that immune cell infiltration was negatively correlated with tumor size, peripheral vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor staging. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated that a decreased Immunoscore was associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that resection type, number of tumors, lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, and the Immunoscore were significantly associated with LRFS. For OS, the significantly correlated factors included resection type, peripheral vascular invasion, TNM staging, and the Immunoscore. Immunoscore was superior to TNM staging in predicting both LRFS and OS according to the receiver operating characteristic analysis. Based on the results of the Cox regression analysis, a prognostic nomogram for the postoperative recurrence of cholangiocarcinoma and OS of patients was established.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the Immunoscore may be used as an independent predictor of postoperative recurrence and OS of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. The Immunoscore appears to offer distinct advantages over the TNM staging system. By combining the Immunoscore and clinicopathological features, the proposed nomogram provides a more accurate predictive tool for postoperative patients with cholangiocarcinoma.Keywords: cholangiocarcinoma, prognosis, immune microenvironment, Immunoscore, nomogram |
