| Popis: |
Upper Mesopotamia has been called al-Jazeera region since the ancient times and many civilizations such as Gutes, Babylonians, Assyrians, Hittites, Salafkians, Romans, Byzantines and Sasanians had ruled before the Islamic armies came to this region. The Al-Jazeera region, which had begun to Islamize during the Hz.Ömer period, was divided into three separate regions as Diyar-ı Mudar, Diyar-ı Rebia and Diyer-ı Bekir. Diyar Rebia where covers the cities named Mosul, Cizre, Silopi, Nusaybin, Tur-Abdin, Dara and Mardin had been a struggle area between the Sasanians and Byzantians then became an islamic region and international trade center on the Silk Road after the Islamic armies came. With the beginning of the Crusades in the XIth century, the region was a field of contention between the Crusaders and the Islamic states. Ayyubids had fought with the Crusaders and the Crusaders and Ayyubids played an important role in the Middle East trade. Silk, spice and jewelleries which is the most significant trade product for the far-east was brought to Anatolian and European cities through Baghdad, Mosul and Damascus from Gulf of Basra and Egypt. Especially the Far East goods coming to Baghdad were passing through Silopi, Cizre, Nusaybin and Mardin and reached to the Istanbul with different routes. The cities on the Silk Raod well developed especially in the Ayyubids reign. |
