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Гуйванюк Николай. Влияние литературной интеллигенции на забастовочное движение сельскохозяйственных рабочих Галичины и Буковины начала ХХ в. В статье раскрыто одно из событий отечественной истории начала ХХ в. – массовые забастовки украинского крестьянства Галичины и Буковины как средство отстаивания своих экономических прав. Показана ведущая роль в организации этих забастовок представителей светской интеллигенции, в частности активной ее части – писателей и публицистов. Отмечено значительный вклад организации забастовочного движения И. Франко, М. Павлика, В. Будзиновського, С. Даниловича, Леся Мартовича, А. Чайковского и К. Трилевского.Ключевые слова: агитация, крестьянские забастовки, Галичина, Буковина, украинские писатели. Mykola Guivaniuk. Literary intellectuals’ impact on farm laborers’ strike movement in Galicia and Bukovyna in early twentieth century. The article highlights one of the most crucial events in the course of the national history in early 20th century, namely, farm laborers’ strike movement in Galicia and Bukovyna, for defending their traditional rights to economic thriving. The secular intellectuals’ elite – men of letters and publicists – played an outstanding role in encouraging farm laborers to go on economical strike. The focus of the research revolves around push-and-pull factors of agrarian strikes. Furthermore, literary intellectuals, having public education and propaganda in their hands, considerably influenced strike movement organization and succored their immediate assistance. The author puts an emphasis on I. Franko, M. Pavlyk, V. Budzynovskyi, S. Danylovych, L. Martovych, A. Chaikovskyi, and K. Tryliovskyi’s significant contribution to organizing resistors’ movement. The researcher enhances the best value of literary intellectuals in the course of educative and agitation activities and favorably reflects intelligentsia’s role in urging farm laborers of 20 districts of Galicia and Bukovina to strike during the Harvest of 1902 and gain increase of wages. Consequently, agrarian strikes resulted in farmers’intimidation and prevention them from being engaged in further mass unrest. Importantly, the laborers’ turmoil was immediately counteracted by legal writers, deputies of the Austrian Parliament as well as Galician and Bukovina Diet. Key words: propaganda/agitation, farm laborer strike, Galicia, Bukovyna, Ukrainian men of letters. |
