| Popis: |
In this paper the authors consider the possibility and provide specific solutions to create the automated system of track maintenance on the example of automation of technological operations to restore the equal elasticity of the undersleeper foundation. The relevance of the work stems from the fact that the modern and perspective requirements to the track maintenance in the conditions of the transition to high-speed, high-speed, high-tonnage traffic can be implemented only by switching to a new system of track maintenance based on the performance of work of specialized high-performance machines and on the new system with maximum opportunity for automation technology. More than half of the volume of works on the current maintenance of the tracks are the works on the removal of splashes, straightening and tamping of track, the technology of which can be divided into two components: calculation-evaluation and the generation of control actions on the railway track. Track machines are used extensively at the local bearing places of the occurrence of splashes on track sections or for continuous bearing plot ways to restore the equal elasticity of the undersleeper base and reduce the degree of non-uniformity deviations in rails’ position on level and in plan, as well as track subsidence. The bunker for filling the ballast may be mounted on additional frame or on offset brackets of the machine. The device for measuring the position of a railway track includes the means for measuring the deflections of the road, bending rise the track in the longitudinal profile and the position of the track on level (elevation of one rail in relation to another) and the adjacent block determining the actual position of a railway track in plan, in longitudinal profile and on level. The block of determining the amount of ballast consists of interconnected devices for determining the value of shifts and raise of the track and the block of comparing the track raise values with determining the amount necessary for filling of ballast. A device for determining the magnitudes of the shifts and the track raise consists of the interconnected unit for comparing the actual position of the track with a given (estimated) position of the track and a block determining the values of the track shifts and raise, which also provides the conversion of the recorded deflections of the track in the longitudinal profile in the track subsidence. The block comparing the track raise values with determining the amount necessary for filling the ballast, compares the magnitude of the track raise, determines changes in the transverse area of a prism in case of track raise and determines the amount needed for ballast filling. It also controls the control unit of the device for filling the ballast. The authors developed and tested the schemes of using the elements of technological processes automation during the operation of hopper dispenser with the track surfacing, which will allow reducing the duration of track possessions and will speed up the track maintenance. |
