| Popis: |
The purpose of the study: to study the impact of a set of preventive measures on the functional capabilities of pregnant women and their children. Materials and methods. 550 pregnant women aged 18 to 44 years with gestation periods of 11-40 weeks were monitored. They were divided into 3 groups: a control group of 90 healthy women not receiving complex prophylaxis, the comparison group of 175 pregnant women with chronic pathology and prenatal risk factors who were not treated with the complex of prevention, treatment group – 285 pregnant women with chronic diseases and risk factors treated with the complex of preventive measures. Children born to the observed women were, respectively, divided into groups: control (90), comparison group (175) and main (285). Functionality of pregnant women was estimated by the method of J. Pecker, A.V. Rotov, types of adaptive reactions of the children was assessed by cluster analysis with the analysis of the indicators: Apgar score, especially the development; metabolic status in groups of pregnant women and their babies assessed by blood levels of cortisol, malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin E. The preventive complex for pregnant women of the main group included gymnastics for training all muscle groups, breathing exercises, aquagymnastics, musical relaxation and psychological support of pregnancy. Results and discussion. According to the study women with somatic diseases in early pregnancy demonstrated increased concentration of MDA in blood and a tendency towards decreased level of vitamin E and cortisol levels; these changes persisted throughout pregnancy in the absence of preventive measures and leveled with the regular use of the Spa complex. By the third trimester of pregnancy, 64 % of women in the main group had an adaptive and compensatory types of reactions, while women in the comparison group had an adaptive-compensatory and disadaptive type of reactions, which indicated a decrease in their functional reserves in 35 % of cases. Half of the children born to mothers with adaptive-compensatory and disadaptive types of reactions had a failure of adaptation. There was a decrease in blood MDA, an increase in the concentration of vitamin E, and cortisol (within normal limits) in children of the main group, as opposed to children of the control group and the comparison group. Perinatal morbidity was registered in 80 % of children in the comparison group compared to 13.3 % of children in the main group (p < 0.001). |
