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Glass has been a means to express feelings, thoughts and values in every society and in the course of time has become a symbolic product that can give an idea about the cultural values of the society it belongs to. We do not have exact records and historical documents to give us a detailed information about the development of the Turkish art of glass-making by years. However, we know about the recent works of glass which can partly be documented. When we think about the traditional Turkish glass-making, we can see that there is a limited numbers of works and these works reflect the characteristics of the period they were produced in as a symbol of Ottoman culture and art. Traditional Turkish art of glass-making is addressed as the periods of Seljukian and Ottoman in general. Some glass works are known to exist that have reached the present day from the time Seljukians migrated to Anatolia from the east. Anatolian Seljukians used culturally rich and meaningful figurative technics in art and handicraft. Ottoman art of glass-making developed under the influence of Seljukians. Although the origins of Ottoman glass-making come from Seljukians, in the course of time it became unique. With their stylistic characteristics in glass products, Ottomans developed their own style and created figurative works. Some miniatures from Ottoman period reflect the importance Ottomans placed on glass and give us information about the development of Turkish art of glass-making. When Beykoz “Çeşm-i Bülbül” which carries the most important marks of Turkish glass-making history is analyzed in terms of style, form and figures, it can be seen that it is made in accordance with traditional Ottoman style. These water marked glasses which are called “Çeşm-i Bülbül” can be considered as figurative examples which show the Ottoman taste and sense of art. 19th century is a period during which radical changes took place in glass industry throughout the world. The most important characteristic of this period is the fast industrialization of traditional glass-making. Following the declaration of Republic, Turkish glass-making was regulated. The first factory of glass was established to the area in front of a steep slope in Paşabahçe, İstanbul in 1934 upon the decision of the assembly of the members of the parliament. This research reviews the general history of glass and addresses the historical development of traditional Turkish art of glass-making and makes some evaluations a |
