Wpływ palenia papierosów na ryzyko zdrowotne mieszkańców miast wywołane środowiskową ekspozycją inhalacyjną na metale ciężkie (As, Cd, Ni)
| Autor: | Marzena Trojanowska, Ryszard Świetlik |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Medycyna Środowiskowa, Vol 19, Iss 3, Pp 23-30 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 2084-6312 1505-7054 |
| Popis: | Introduction. Heavy metal contamination of urban air has a negative effect on residents’ health. Cigarette smokers are subjected to additional inhalation exposure caused by heavy metals present in tobacco. The aim of this study was the assessment of the impact of smoking on the health risk for residents of Polish cities, combined with environmental inhalation exposure to heavy metals. Materials and methods. The health risk for smokers was analyzed. The risk assessment methods used have been recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Results. Hazard index and cancer risk values for the assumed scenario of Cd, Ni and As inhalation hazard for smokers are from several to about fifty times higher than the values determined for nonsmokers. Conclusion. Hazard index obtained for the smoker shows a high probability of chronic health effects, and the estimated cancer risk is at an unacceptable level. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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