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Uvod: Zbog sve većeg broja oboljelih od raka dojke, a kako bi se smanjila smrtnost, vrlo je važna rana dijagnostika. U dijagnostici raka dojke koriste se metode kao što su mamografija, DBT, MRI, HHUS ili ABUS. Cilj rada: Cilj ovoga rada je bio sustavnim pregledom literature prikazati princip rada ABUS-a te ukazati na njegove prednosti i nedostatke u odnosu na konvencionalne metode snimanja dojki. Rasprava: ABUS je relativno nova ultrazvučna metoda koja je pokazala izvrsne rezultate kod žena s gustim grudima. Korištenje ABUS-a smanjuje ovisnost o operateru, a omogućuje vrijedne dijagnostičke informacije s multiplanarnim rekonstrukcijama. Pregledom brojnih istraživanja u ovom radu, ABUS se pokazao kao značajno osjetljivija metoda sa boljom stopom otkrivanja raka dojke u odnosu na zlatni standard, mamografiju. Korištenje ovih dviju metoda zajedno u probiru pokazalo je izvrsne rezultate koji potvrđuju važnost implementacije u kliničku praksu. Nedostatak kombinacije ABUS-a i mamografije je bio taj što je u velikom broju studija specifičnost bila niža u odnosu na samu mamografiju. U odnosu na DBT, ABUS je pokazao superiornije rezultate, osim u detekciji kalcifikacija. Iako je ABUS pokazao nešto lošije rezultate u usporedbi s MRI-om, jednostavnost uporabe i niska cijena čine ga alternativom MRI-u. Što se pak HHUS-a tiče, kao njegovu prednost u odnosu na ABUS pacijentice su navele manje bolan pregled i kraće trajanje, iako se on pokazao manje osjetljivijim i specifičnijim u odnosu na ABUS. Korištenje umjetne inteligencije danas postaje svakodnevnica, pa su tako razvijeni i posebni CAD softveri za ABUS kojima je svrha poboljšati stopu otkrivanja raka dojke i točnost radiologa. Korištenje CAD-a značajno je smanjilo vrijeme očitavanja slika te poboljšalo dijagnostičku točnost ABUS-a. Zaključak: Prema svim iznesenim podatcima, važnost ABUS uređaja u kliničkoj praksi je iznimno velika, a daljnim razvojem tehnologije i medicine, očekuje se njegova potpuna integracija u zdravstvene sustave diljem svijeta. Introduction: Due to the growing number of breast cancer patients, an early diagnosis is important in order to reduce the mortality rate of those affected. Methods such as mammography, DBT, MRI, HHUS or ABUS are used in the detection of breast cancer. Aim: The aim of this paper is to systematically review the literature to show the basic principle of ABUS and to point out its advantages and disadvantages in relation to conventional methods of breast imaging. Discussion: ABUS is a relatively new ultrasound method that performs well on patients with dense breast tissue. It reduces operator-dependence and provides valuable diagnostic information with multiplanar reconstructions. Using evidence from reliable researches, this studies have demonstrated that ABUS has a higher diagnostic accuracy compared to mammography, which continues to remain the primary modality for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Applying ABUS as an adjunct to mammography during the screening test has proven effective and further confirmed the importance of continuing their application in clinical practice. The disadvantage of the combination of ABUS and mammography was that in a large number of studies the specificity was lower compared to mammography itself. Compared to DBT, ABUS has demonstrated to have a higher diagnostic performance, with the exception that it lacks the ability to effectively detect calcifications. Although MRIs seem to outperform ABUS, ABUS devices offer a cost- effective and easy to use imaging system, making it the best alternative. The HHUS technique, on the other hand, was perceived by many studies as less painful, with a shorter operative time compared to ABUS. However, the sensitivity and specificity of this screening method continues to remain inferior to ABUS. The use of artificial intelligence is becoming widely used today. As a result, the CAD software has been developed to be applied in conjunction with ABUS in order to improve the detection rate of breast cancer as well as its accuracy. The use of CAD significantly reduced image reading time and improved the overall diagnostic accuracy of ABUS. Conclusion: According to all the presented data, the use of ABUS medical devices in clinical practice continues to grow in importance and with the further development of technology and medicine, its full integration into healthcare systems around the world is expected |
