Développer des alternatives à des systèmes de culture Maïs-Blé en polyculture-élevage sans irrigation : enseignements de trois expérimentations conduites dans différentes régions françaises

Autor: Schaub, Anne, Chaumont, E., Guérin, Francis, Petit, Marie-Sophie, Thiechart, Marion, Fonteny, C., Massot, Pierre, de Cordoue, Anne-Laure, Deytieux, Violaine
Přispěvatelé: Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture Grand Est, Chambre d'Agriculture de Saône-et-Loire (CA 71), Chambre d'Agriculture de la Mayenne (CA 53), Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (CRA BFC), Domaine expérimental d'Époisses - UE0115 U2E (DIJ EPOISSES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Association pour la Relance Agronomique en Alsace (ARAA), ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Région Grand Est, Agence de l’Eau Rhin-Meuse, FEADER, Conseil Départemental de Saône-et-Loire, Région Bourgogne – Franche-Comté, Cas Dar (PRDAR Bourgogne – Franche-Comté)., Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Bourgogne, UE 115 Domaine expérimental d’Epoisses, Domaine expérimental d'Époisses (DIJ EPOISSES)
Jazyk: francouzština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Innovations Agronomiques
Innovations Agronomiques, INRAE, 2019, 76, pp.169-187. ⟨10.15454/mbltkd⟩
Innovations Agronomiques, INRA, 2019, 76, pp.169-187. ⟨10.15454/mbltkd⟩
ISSN: 1958-5853
Popis: Ce numéro est constitué d’articles de synthèse des projets DEPHY EXPE publiés à l’occasion du Colloque National DEPHY EXPE, qui s’est déroulé le 28 mai 2019 à l'Assemblée Permanente des Chambres d'Agriculture (Paris).; Three innovative cropping systems were tested during several years. They aimed to reduce the use ofpesticides by 50% compared to local reference cropping systems while being still profitable. Reference systems were maize-winter wheat rotations in mixed crop-livestock agricultural systems. The use of totalpesticides was reduced by 22-50%, i.e. 12-65% for herbicides and 55-80% for other pesticides. Toxicexposure of farmers was lower for innovative systems ; risk of active substance transfer to theenvironment was also lower. Regarding profitability, results were different from one experiment toanother, with higher economic margins for the innovative system for two of them, and lower margin forthe last one. Two strategies were employed to achieve these positive results on pesticides use andimpacts and on profitability : moderate diversification of crop sequences combined with intensive tillageon one hand versus minimum tillage associated with soil cover and high crop sequences diversificationon the other hand. Resulting weed pressure was acceptable or rather acceptable in two out of the threeexperiments. Agronomic analysis of success and failure cases led to new insights on success conditionsfor both strategies of weed management.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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