Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients
| Autor: | Kroes, R., Renwick, A.G., Feron, V., Galli, C.L., Gibney, M., Greim, H., Guy, R.H., Lhuguenot, J.C., Sandt, J.J.M. van de |
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| Přispěvatelé: | TNO Kwaliteit van Leven |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
drug exposure
Administration Oral Threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) Cosmetics Administration Cutaneous Decision Support Techniques Toxicity Tests physical chemistry Humans cardiovascular diseases human Analytical research cosmetic comparative study Risk assessment No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level nonhuman food Decision Trees article flavoring agent Trans-dermal absorption first pass effect chemical structure Cosmetic ingredients Safety Chemistry Safety |
| Zdroj: | Food and Chemical Toxicology, 12, 45, 2533-2562 |
| ISSN: | 2533-2562 |
| Popis: | The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) has been used for the safety assessment of packaging migrants and flavouring agents that occur in food. The approach compares the estimated oral intake with a TTC value derived from chronic oral toxicity data for structurally-related compounds. Application of the TTC approach to cosmetic ingredients and impurities requires consideration of whether route-dependent differences in first-pass metabolism could affect the applicability of TTC values derived from oral data to the topical route. The physicochemical characteristics of the chemical and the pattern of cosmetic use would affect the long-term average internal dose that is compared with the relevant TTC value. Analysis has shown that the oral TTC values are valid for topical exposures and that the relationship between the external topical dose and the internal dose can be taken into account by conservative default adjustment factors. The TTC approach relates to systemic effects, and use of the proposed procedure would not provide an assessment of any local effects at the site of application. Overall the TTC approach provides a useful additional tool for the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients and impurities of known chemical structure in the absence of chemical-specific toxicology data. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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