Residential segregation matters to racial income gaps: Evidence from South Africa
| Autor: | Dubois, Florent, Muller, Christophe |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | University of Reading (UOR), EconomiX, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques (AMSE), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-17-EURE-0020,AMSE (EUR),Aix-Marseille School of Economics(2017), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-17-CE39-0009,TMENA2,Terrorisme, Radicalisation et Politique Gouvernementale dans les Pays Arabes(2017), ANR-18-CE26-0020,MaRiNe,Gestion du Risque sur les Réseaux(2018) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Residential segregation
Post-Apartheid South Africa JEL: R - Urban Rural Regional Real Estate and Transportation Economics/R.R2 - Household Analysis/R.R2.R23 - Regional Migration • Regional Labor Markets • Population • Neighborhood Characteristics JEL: J - Labor and Demographic Economics/J.J1 - Demographic Economics/J.J1.J15 - Economics of Minorities Races Indigenous Peoples and Immigrants • Non-labor Discrimination Distribution analysis Generalized decompositions [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance JEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D3 - Distribution/D.D3.D31 - Personal Income Wealth and Their Distributions |
| Popis: | We contend that residential segregation should be an essential component of the analyses of socio-ethnic income gaps. Focusing on the contemporary White/African gap in South Africa, we complete Mincer wage equations with an Isolation index that reflects the level of segregation in the local area where individuals dwell. We decompose the income gap distribution into detailed composition and structure components. Segregation is found to be the main contributor of the structure effect, ahead of education and experience, and to make a sizable contribution to the composition effect. Moreover, segregation is found to be harmful at the bottom of the African income distribution, notably in relation to local informal job-search networks, while it is benefi-cial at the top of the White income distribution. Specific subpopulations are identified that suffer and benefit most from segregation, including for the former, little educated workers in agriculture and mining, often female, confined in their personal networks. Finally, minimum wage policies are found likely to attenuate most segregation’s noxious mechanisms, while a variety of policy lessons are drawn from the decomposition analysis by distinguishing not only compositional from structural effects, but also distinct group-specific social positions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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