Host clustering of Coxiella burnetii genotypes in coexisting wild mammals

Autor: González-Barrio, David, Jado, Isabel, Hagen, Ferry, Fernández de Mera, Isabel G., García, Jesús T., Viñuela, Javier, Tilburg, Jeroen JHC, Anda, Pedro, Ruiz Fons, Francisco
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Zdroj: Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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Popis: Presentado a la 12th Conference of the European Wildlife Disease Association (EWDA), celebrada en Berlin (Alemania) del 26 al 31 de agosto de 2016.
Evidences of the implication of wildlife in the ecology of Coxiella burnetii - the causal agent of Q fever in ruminants, pets and humans - are increasing. This suggests that wildlife may pose a threat to domestic animal and human health in interaction scenarios. Any potential attempt to link Q fever outbreaks in domestic animals and humans with wildlife would need from wildlife C. burnetii genotyping studies. This study aimed, on one hand, to genotype C. burnetii strains circulating in wildlife to assess for any link with strains isolated in livestock and humans and, on the other, to assess for inter-species transmission in coexisting wild mammal species. Multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat (MLVA-6-marker) and/or PCR followed by reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization were performed over C. burnetii PCR-positive samples from red deer (Cervus elaphus), Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa), racoon (Procyon lotor), European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), black rat (Rattus rattus), wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), common vole (Microtus arvalis) and house mouse (Mus musculus). Goat and sheep C. burnetii PCR-positive samples were included for comparison. MLVA typing was performed by using six variable loci in C. burnetii: Ms23, Ms24, Ms27, Ms28, Ms33 and Ms34. The C. burnetii cooperative database from MLVABank 5.0 was employed to compare MLVA genotypes found in this study with 344 isolates of diverse origin. PCR-RLB results were compared with available information in wildlife, domestics and humans. We identified 22 MLVA-6-marker genotypes from wildlife and 2 from domestic goats. By PCR-RLB, genomic groups I, II, VI and VII were found in wildlife and groups I, II, III and IV in sheep and goats. Some MLVA and PCR-RLB genotypes of wildlife clustered with isolates from human Q fever cases, livestock and ticks. Most PCR-RLB genotypes identified in sheep and goats in this study clustered with genotypes reported in livestock. Interestingly, MLVA and PCR-RLB genotypes in coexisting red deer and wild rabbits clustered around its host of origin. Very few genotypes were shared even though deer and rabbits coexist in time and space. Our findings support the idea that wildlife constitutes a source of C. burnetii for domestics and humans. However, our results point to host specificity of C. burnetii strains in complex ecological contexts that merits further research. Generally speaking, our findings provide important insights to understand the epidemiology of C. burnetii at the wildlife-livestock-human interface.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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