Immune oxysterols: Role in mycobacterial infection and inflammation

Autor: Bah, Saikou Y, Dickinson, Paul, Forster, Thorsten, Kampmann, Beate, Ghazal, Peter
Přispěvatelé: National Institute for Health Research
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Biochemistry
HUMAN MACROPHAGES
TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION
Mycobacterium
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Endocrinology
MONOCYTIC DIFFERENTIATION
RETINOIC ACID
Drug Resistance
Bacterial
Animals
Homeostasis
Humans
Tuberculosis
Lymphocytes
Vitamin D
MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS
Molecular Biology
1
25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3
Inflammation
Mycobacterium Infections
Science & Technology
CUTTING EDGE
ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE GENE
Macrophages
25 hydroxycholesterol
Immunity
0601 Biochemistry And Cell Biology
Oxysterols
Cell Biology
PATHOGENIC MYCOBACTERIA
VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR
Hydroxycholesterols
Immunity
Innate
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Cholesterol
Immune System
Molecular Medicine
lipids (amino acids
peptides
and proteins)
Infection
Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Signal Transduction
Zdroj: Bah, S Y, Dickinson, P, Forster, T, Kampmann, B & Ghazal, P 2016, ' Immune oxysterols : Role in mycobacterial infection and inflammation ', Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.04.015
ISSN: 0960-0760
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.04.015
Popis: Infection remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Natural defenses to infection are mediated by intrinsic/innate and adaptive immune responses. While our understanding is considerable it is incomplete and emerging areas of research such as those related to the immune-metabolic axis are only beginning to be appreciated. There is increasing evidence showing a connection between immune signalling and the regulation of sterol and fatty acid metabolism. In particular, metabolic intermediates of cholesterol biosynthesis and its oxidized metabolites (oxysterols) have been shown to regulate adaptive immunity and inflammation and for innate immune signalling to regulate the dynamics of cholesterol synthesis and homeostasis. The side-chain oxidized oxysterols, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) and vitamin D metabolites (vitamin D3 and vitamin D2), are now known to impart physiologically profound effects on immune responses. Macrophages play a frontline role in this process connecting immunity, infection and lipid biology, and collaterally are a central target for infection by a wide range of pathogens including viruses and bacteria, especially intracellular bacteria such as mycobacteria. Clinical manifestations of disease severity in the infected host are likely to pay tribute to perturbations of the metabolic-immune phenomena found in lymphocytes and myeloid cells. Historically and consistent with this notion, vitamin D based oxysterols have had a long association with promoting clinical improvements to patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hence understanding the role of early metabolic mediators of inflammatory responses to infection in particular oxysterols, will aid in the development of urgently needed host directed therapeutic and diagnostic design innovation to combat adverse infection outcomes and antibiotic resistance.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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