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Introduction: Scoliosis affects children and adolescents, presents itself as a lateral curvature of the spine. Repeated examinations in form of ionizing radiation primarily in adolescent girls increases the risk of breast cancer. It is by optimizing current methods and using precautions that one can safeguard the patients´ health and minimize the side effects associated to radiation exposure. Objective: The purpose of this study was to use systematic literature analysis to compel the methods and X-ray parameters that can be applied in dosage reduction associated with radiology diagnosis for scoliosis in children and adolescent youth. Method: The study was performed as a literature review. Questions were formulated with the aim of the study in mind and 10 original articles were studied in this literature review. Some course literature was also included. Results: The study indicated that use of posteroanterior (PA) positioning for frontal exposure should be the preferred method over the usage of anteroposterior (AP), as well as using the Gonad protection and limiting the number of radiation exposure can significantly lead to reduced radiation dosage. Hence minimizing the risks associated with radiation exposure. Radiographers can achieve this goal by combining two methods, (1) using digital exposure – suitable for initial diagnosis procedures; and (2) fluoroscopy – suitable for continuous monitoring of angular curvature of the spinal cord. Additional application of cranio-caudal scanning method in digital radiography can be opted if an opportunity arises. Conclusion: Through on-going training and close collaboration with other medical stuff, radiographers will have the opportunity to improve the results attained from examinations and still maintain reduced radiation doses for children who are twice more sensitive than adults. Validerat; 20150227 (global_studentproject_submitter) |
