Low-cost point-of-care biosensor device for on-site tuberculosis diagnosis in developing countries

Autor: Ramirez-Priego, Patricia, Martens, Daan, Bienstman, Peter, Singh, Mahavir, Elamin, Ayssar A., Van Roy, Wim, Vos, Rita, Soetaert, Pieterjan, Anton, Birgit, Becker, Holger, Lechuga, Laura M.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Zdroj: Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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Popis: Resumen del póster presentado al 4th Scientific Meeting of BNC-b Students (JPhD), celebrado en Bellatera (España) del 6 al 7 de junio de 2019.
Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is considered the leading global cause of death from a single infectious agent. Registered incidence rates are scarce, especially in low-resource countries, due to the disadvantages of current diagnostic methods, which are slow, expensive, insufficiently accurate, time consuming, not portable or require trained technicians. For that reason, since several years ago, a major effort is directed to develop a low-cost point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics platform able to deliver a prompt response in order to reduce TB deaths. We have fully developed a novel PoC biosensor platform for fast TB detection in the frame of the European FP7 Pocket Project. The new PoC biosensor allows the detection of active TB directly in human urine, taking advantage of the high sensitivity offered by the evanescent wave optical sensors employed. The photonic sensor is based on a highly sensitive Mach-Zehnder Interferometer transducer with an on-chip spectral filter and is incorporated in a disposable microfluidic cartridge. The required elements for light coupling and optical readout are integrated in a prototype instrument, which allows real-time monitoring and data processing. To detect active M. tuberculosis we focus in several biomarkers present in the urine of TB patients, including lipoarabinomannan (LAM), early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6), culture filtrate antigen (CFP-10) and immunogenic protein (MPT64), respectively. First results have been achieved for LAM biomarker, a lipopolysaccharide found in the mycobacterium cell wall. For the detection, the sensor chip surface was functionalized with high-quality and selective monoclonal antibodies against LAM. After the optimization of several parameters, a limit of detection of 475 pg/mL was achieved using a direct immunoassay. The analysis was performed in undiluted urine in less than 15 minutes. In addition, the results were validated by using 20 clinical samples from TB patients from Tanzania and healthy donors, showing an excellent correlation between the results from the PoC biosensor and those obtained with standard techniques. After these promising results for one biomarker and in order to take the advantage of the PoC design for the simultaneous detection of a panel of six different biomarkers in the same patient’s sample, all the optimizations for the evaluation of the other three biomarkers, mentioned above, is in progress.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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