ŠTETNOST KUKURUZNE ZLATICE (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) U UVJETIMA VIŠEGODIŠNJE PONOVLJENE SJETVE KUKURUZA

Autor: Lović, Ivan, Sarajlić, Ankica, Raspudić, Emilija
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Poljoprivreda
Volume 28
Issue 2
ISSN: 1330-7142
1848-8080
Popis: Kukuruzna zlatica (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) pripada najvažnijim štetnicima kukuruza. Istraživanje je provedeno u Gorjanima tijekom 2020. godine s ciljem utvrđivanja kako ponovljena sjetva kukuruza utječe na pojavu i brojnost kukuruzne zlatice, razinu oštećenja korijena, tolerantnost biljaka te prinos. Zasijan je hibrid kukuruza OS 378 u dva tretmana (ponovljena sjetva i monokultura tri godine). Štete uzrokovane hranidbom ličinaka utvrđene su očitanjem oštećenja korijena. Tolerantnost biljaka utvrđena je očitanjem veličine korijena i razvoja sekundarnoga korijenja, a let imaga pratio se žutim ljepljivim pločama. Prisutnost kukuruzne zlatice zabilježena je na objema istraživanim parcelama. Prosječna brojnost imaga po danu i mamcu u ponovljenoj sjetvi iznosila je 1,07, a u trogodišnjoj monokulturi 0,99. Oštećenje korijena ocijenjeno je prosječnom ocjenom 0,75 (ponovljena sjetva), odnosno 1,25 (trogodišnja monokultura). Veličina korijena ocijenjena je prosječnim ocjenama 2,50 (ponovljena sjetva) i 3,70 (trogodišnja monokultura), a prosječni porast sekundarnoga korijenja s 3,20 (ponovljena sjetva), odnosno 3,05 (trogodišnja monokultura). Lošije ocjene korijena bile su kod uzgoja kukuruza u trogodišnjoj monokulturi, što ukazuje kako dodatna godina monokulture može uzrokovati veće štete. Prinos kukuruza u ponovljenoj sjetvi bio je viši za 2,53 t/ha u odnosu na trogodišnju monokulturu. Preporuča se izbjegavanje daljnje sjetve kukuruza na ovim površinama te poštivanje višegodišnjega plodoreda.
The western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) is one of the most important maize pests. The research was conducted in Gorjani during 2020, with the aim of determining how repeated maize sowing affects the occurrence and abundance of WCR, the level of root damage, plant tolerance, and yield. The OS 378 maize hybrid was sown in two treatments (repeated sowing and monoculture for three years). A damage caused by larval feeding was determined by the root damage, and plant tolerance was determined by the root size and secondary root regrowth. The imago flight was monitored by the yellow sticky boards on both investigated plots. The average number of adults per day and trap in repeated sowing amounted to 1.07 and to 0.99 in the three-year monoculture, respectively. The root damage was rated by an average of 0.75 (repeated sowing) and 1.25 (three-year monoculture). The root size was rated by an average of 2.50 (repeated sowing) and 3.70 (three-year monoculture), and the average increase in secondary root was averaged the values of 3.20 (repeated sowing) and 3.05 (three-year monoculture), respectively. The higher root rates in maize cultivation in a three-year monoculture indicate that an additional monoculture year may cause a greater damage. The maize yield in a repeated sowing was higher by 2.53 t/ha when compared to the three-year monoculture. It is recommended to avoid further maize sowing on these plots and to respect the perennial crop rotation.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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