Brain Machine Interface (BMI) as a tool for understanding human-machine cooperation

Autor: Eskiizmirliler, Selim, Goffette, Jérôme
Přispěvatelé: Centre d'étude de la SensoriMotricité (CESEM - UMR 8194), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences et Société, Historicité, Éducation et Pratiques (EA S2HEP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Environnement Ville Société (EVS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Simone Bateman, Jean Gayon, Sylvie Allouche, Jérôme Goffette, Michela Marzano, Goffette, Jérôme, Simone Bateman, Jean Gayon, Sylvie Allouche, Jérôme Goffette, Michela Marzano, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude de la SensoriMotricité ( CESEM - UMR 8194 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Historicité, Éducation et Pratiques ( EA S2HEP ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Environnement Ville Société ( EVS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III ( UJML ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon ( ENSAL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology
robotique
outil
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences
[SHS.PHIL] Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
[SHS.HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences
humain augmenté
[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]
body schema
enhancement
cyborg
robotics
interface cerveau-machine
philosophy
[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]
[INFO.INFO-RB] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]
schéma corporel
[SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
tool
[ SHS.HISPHILSO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences
[ SHS.PHIL ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy
[SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology
[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology
philosophie
prothèse
prosthesis
amélioration
brain-machine interface
Zdroj: Inquiring into Human Enhancement
Simone Bateman, Jean Gayon, Sylvie Allouche, Jérôme Goffette, Michela Marzano. Inquiring into Human Enhancement, Palgrave MacMillan, pp.307-339, 2015
Popis: International audience; Ever since the appearance of homo-sapiens, machines have served humans as a "brain nature interface" (BNI) - a means of interacting with nature, including humans and other living beings. The ability to use and manufacture machines has long been taken as proof of human intelligence: 18th century machines and automates and 20th century robots have had a tremendous impact in this sense. An entirely new milestone was achieved with the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and its promise of revolutionary change: a machine with an artificial brain. Even though this last point has so far remained a dream, AI and its powerful applications have given machines certain learning capacities, provoking discussions in many scientific disciplines. The BMI (Brain Machine Interface), a machine interacting with a biological brain, is another turning point that raises new ethical, philosophical and medical questions and problems. How is the new device and its purpose represented in the brain? What is the limit of brain plasticity induced by a BMI? Which brain areas can and should be sub-served by a BMI? Should BMI tools be considered as therapeutic or enhancing devices, or both? Indeed, BMI-controlled prostheses are not like any other tool: when they affect bodily skills, they strongly interfere with human life and its salient points, such as the opposition/juxtaposition between the characteristics of living beings and technological devices. This chapter will present the state of the art of BMIs and their applications, and will then propose a multidisciplinary framework to discuss the related issues, questions and outcomes by gathering diverse philosophical and engineering points of views. Issues and paradigms to be discussed concern the training time needed to acquire the use of a BMI and its prosthesis, the modifications of the human body and its abilities, the impact of a new modular bodily scheme, the tension between autonomy due to new capacities and dependency on maintenance, the risks of non-egalitarian positions concerning accessibility and social competition, as well as the risks of considering humans as a technological product or as a device.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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