How to manage legume-rhizobia N2-fixing symbioses as ecological engineers?
| Autor: | Drevon, Jean-Jacques, Hamza, Hesham, Jaillard, Benoît, Rodino, Paula |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des Sols (Eco&Sols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier (ENSA M), National Research Center, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Canadian Society for Bioengineering (CSBE). CAN., ProdInra, Migration |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | 17. World Congress of the International Commission of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) 17. World Congress of the International Commission of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR), Canadian Society for Bioengineering (CSBE). CAN., Jun 2010, Québec, Canada |
| Popis: | International audience; Legumes have the capacity to fix large amounts of atmospheric N2 into the biosphere through their capacity to establish a symbiosis with soil rhizobia. However this legume contribution to the N biogeochemical cycle varies with the physico-chemical and biological conditions of the nodulated-root rhizosphere. In order to assess the abiotic and biotic constrains that might limit this symbiosis in an agro-ecosystem, a nodular diagnosis was performed in fieldsites chosen with farmers of legume areas of production of the Mediterranean basin, with common bean as a model grain-legume, and a major source of plant proteins for world human nutrition. With this methodology a large partial and temporal variation in the legume nodulation was found in cereal-cropping systems. In various reference areas of bean production, the nodular diagnosis showed that low P availability of soils is a major limiting factor of the rhizobial symbiosis. The relation with engineering the legume symbiosis was further addressed by participatory assessment of bean recombinant inbred lines contrasting for their efficiency in use of phosphorous for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. In situ RT-PCR of candidate gene on nodule sections has been developed in order to relate the field measurements with functional genomics of the symbiosis. It is concluded that various tools and indicators are available for developing the engineering of the rhizobial symbiosis for its beneficial contribution to the biogeochemical cycle of N, and also C and P in various Mediterranean and temperate climates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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