| Zdroj: |
Fischer, L & Jørgensen, M B 2022, Autonomy of Migration in the Age of Deportation : Migrants’ Practices Against Deportation . in The Migration Mobile : Border Dissidence, Sociotechnical Resistance, and the Construction of Irregularized Migrants . Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Challenging Migration Studies, pp. 191-211 . |
| Popis: |
“Autonomy of Migration in the Age of Deportation: Migrants’ Practices Against Deportation,” investigate migrant strategies especially toward and against deportation. In several European countries today, we can identify a paradigm shift from the focus on migrants’ integration to their securitization and deportation. In Denmark, the government recently changed the name of social benefits available for refugees from an “integration benefit” to a “return benefit” and has generally stepped up deportations, and we see an expansion of the category of deportable populations. This politicization of immigration in Denmark has caused enormous insecurity among migrants. Similar tendencies can be observed in Germany, where the end of Willkommenskultur has been met with an increase of deportations to Afghanistan and the Balkans. They argue that this means that potential deportees and undocumented migrants increasingly have to develop survival strategies for if and when they are deported. Likewise, they show how migrants, here in the case of rejected asylum seekers, refute the categorization of “rejected” and “deportable” and ultimately the illegalization of their status and presence. Migrants are starting to share information and strategies online on how to return to Turkey and the Middle East. In the case of Denmark, we see a still increasing number of people disappearing from the authorities and going to other European countries living as irregular migrants or trying to apply for asylum through the loopholes in the Dublin agreement. We see, for instance, a larger number of rejected asylum seekers from Scandinavia applying for church asylum in Germany, Iraqi Kurds going to Italy, Afghanis going to France, and Palestinians going to Belgium due to networks, or new policy practices. The chapter explores how these decisions are shaped though digital practices and how these decisions in turn shape digital practices. The work here is explorative and based on a questioning of the existing literature in order to develop a better understanding of the role of ICT for deportable populations. The chapter offers some initial findings of online ethnography and ethnographic fieldwork in northern Denmark and Hamburg on how migrants individually and collectively use ICTs to both resist deportation but also develop strategies for survival. The chapter also engages in a theoretical conceptualization of reverse mobility, which offers a supplement and/or challenge to the dominant understanding of rather linear migration flows |
