Factor analytical modeling of C2?C7 hydrocarbon sources at an urban background site in Zurich (Switzerland): changes between 1993?1994 and 2005?2006

Autor: Lanz, V. A., Buchmann, B., Hueglin, C., Locher, R., Reimann, S., Staehelin, J.
Přispěvatelé: EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Institute of Data Analysis and Process Design (IDP), ZHAW School of Engineering, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW)-Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), EGU, Publication
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2008
Předmět:
Zdroj: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, European Geosciences Union, 2008, 8 (1), pp.907-955
ISSN: 1680-7367
1680-7375
Popis: International audience; Hourly measurements of 13 volatile hydrocarbons (C2?C7) were performed at an urban background site in Zurich (Switzerland) in the years 1993?1994 and again in 2005?2006. Changes in hydrocarbon profiles and source strengths were recovered by positive matrix factorization (PMF). Eight and six factors could be related to hydrocarbon sources in 1993?1994 and in 2005?2006, respectively. The modeled source profiles were verified by hydrocarbon profiles reported in the literature. The source strengths were validated by independent measurements, such as inorganic trace gases (NOx, CO, SO2), methane (CH4), oxidized hydrocarbons (OVOCs) and meteorological data (temperature, wind speed etc.). Our analysis suggests that the contribution of most hydrocarbon sources (i.e. road traffic, solvents use, and wood burning) decreased by a factor of about two to three between the early 1990s and 2005?2006. On the other hand, hydrocarbon losses from natural gas leakage remained at relatively constant (?20%) concentration levels. The estimated emission trends are in line with the results from different top-down approaches reported for other European cities. Their discrepancies to national emission inventories are discussed.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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