Covid-19 affects taste independent of taste-smell confusions: results from a combined chemosensory home test and online survey from a large global cohort

Autor: Nguyen, Ha, Albayay, Javier, Höchenberger, Richard, Bhutani, Surabhi, Boesveldt, Sanne, Busch, Niko, Croijmans, Ilja, Cooper, Keiland, de Groot, Jasper, Farruggia, Michael, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Hayes, John, Hummel, Thomas, Joseph, Paule, Laktionova, Tatiana, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Veldhuizen, Maria, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Parma, Valentina, Pepino, M. Yanina, Ohla, Kathrin
Přispěvatelé: Monell Chemical Senses Center, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Université Paris-Saclay, INRIA, CEA, San Diego State University (SDSU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Radboud University [Nijmegen], University of California (UC), Yale University [New Haven], University research clinic [Herning, Denmark], The Pennsylvania State University, PA, University of Dresden Medical School, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mersin University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Chemical Senses
Chemical Senses, 2023, pp.bjad020. ⟨10.1093/chemse/bjad020⟩
ISSN: 0379-864X
1464-3553
DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad020⟩
Popis: International audience; People often confuse smell loss with taste loss, so it is unclear how much gustatory function is reduced in patients self-reporting taste loss. Our pre-registered cross-sectional study design included an online survey in 12 languages with instructions for self-administering chemosensory tests with ten household items. Between June 2020 and March 2021, 10,953 individuals participated. Of these, 5,225 self-reported a respiratory illness and were grouped based on their reported COVID test results: COVID-positive (COVID+, N=3,356), COVID-negative (COVID-, N=602), and COVID unknown for those waiting for a test result (COVID?, N=1,267). The participants who reported no respiratory illness were grouped by symptoms: sudden smell/taste changes (STC, N=4,445), other symptoms excluding smell or taste loss (OthS, N=832), and no symptoms (NoS, N=416). Taste, smell, and oral irritation intensities and self-assessed abilities were rated on visual analog scales. Compared to the NoS group, COVID+ was associated with a 21% reduction in taste (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 15-28%), 47% in smell (95%-CI: 37-56%), and 17% in oral irritation (95%-CI: 10-25%) intensity. In all groups, the perceived intensity of smell (r=0.84), taste (r=0.68), and oral irritation (r=0.37) was correlated. Our study demonstrates that COVID-19 positive individuals report taste dysfunction when self-tested with stimuli that have little to none olfactory components. Assessing the smell and taste intensity of household items is a promising, cost-effective screening tool that complements self-reports and may help to disentangle taste loss from smell loss. However, it does not replace standardized validated psychophysical tests.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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