| Popis: |
Sprinting speed has a certain dynamics that changes within different phases of the race. The result i.e. the running time on 100 m is an effect of the optimal correlation of all these phases. The subject of this study is the structure of competitive activity in sprint running. The common analysis of competitive activity, the dynamics of 100m sprint running, is, in theory and empirically, conducted through following segments: 0-30m, 30-60m, 60-80m and 80-100m (Volkov and Lapin, 1979, Breizer and Žukov, 1984, Dick et al., 1989). In this study, a scientific principle of dynamics distribution in 100m sprinting has been set. The research has been conducted on the sample of 133 male students, age 19 to 24 (age 21, 7 ± ; ; ; ; 1, 08 ; height 180, 8 ± ; ; ; ; 6, 98 ; weight 76, 6 ± ; ; ; ; 7, 62). The sample of measuring instruments consists of following: variable of running dynamics, latent reaction time (TLVR), and running time on 10 (T10m), 20 (T20m), 30 (T30m), 40 (T40m), 50 (T50m), 60 (T60m), 70 (T70m), 80 (T80m), 90 (T90m) and 100 meters (T0-100m). Measurement has been conducted by the use of electronic measuring system with specialized software and optical cells. Basic descriptive parameters have been calculated for all variables. To determine the relatively homogeneous groups of students of different competitive activity characteristics, a hierarchical cluster analysis has been used. Average and relative running speeds have been calculated, as well as correlation between the given segments and running times in 100m sprint. Compared to the previous research the results found, this study would be the first to contain results that show a different structure of the running dynamics. The different distributions within the 100m sprint in this study differ from previous work in earlier work (Müller, 1991, Ae et al. 1992) as their research referred to isolated cases and world-class athletes. |
