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Zob, Avena Sativa, je jednogodišnja kultura koja kao plod daje zrno. Zrno zobi je izduženog oblika, prekriveno je dlačicama i ima brazdicu s donje strane, bogato je masnim kiselinama (oleinska i linolenska kiselina), škrobom, bjelančevinama, vitaminima i mineralima. Cijela zobena zrna mogu se koristiti kao hrana za životinje, kao sirovina za industrijske procese ili za mljevenje. Interes za upotrebu zobi u prehrambenoj industriji se tijekom proteklog desetljeća naglo povećao zbog velikog udjela vlakana, posebice β-glukana koji usporava apsorpciju glukoze i smanjuje razinu kolesterola u krvi. Zob se postupcima čišćenja, ljuštenja, rezanja, mljevenja i prešanja na valjcima pretvara u pahuljice ili u zobeno brašno i posije, proizvode od kojih se dalje proizvode prehrambeni proizvodi poput pahuljica za doručak, kruha, tjestenina, grickalica, kolača i raznih pića. Oat, Avena Sativa, is a hardy crop that given the grain. Grain is elongated, covered with hair and has a furrow on the lower side, richly with fatty acids (oleic and linolenic acids), starch, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Whole oat grain can be used for animal feed, as a feedstock for industrial processes or for oat milling. Interest for the use of oats in the food industry during the past decade was have increased significantly due to the high fiber content in oats, especially β-glucan that slows glucose absorption and reduces blood cholesterol levels. Oats are transformed by procedures cleaning, flaking, cutting, milling, rolling on rollers into at flour, bran or flakes which are used for groceries like breakfast cereals, breads, pasta, snack foods, sweet products and beverages. |
