Cognitive and Moral Reasoning and Decision-Making in People with Differentially Expressed Psychopathic Tendencies
| Autor: | Blanuša-Lošić, Adriana |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Juretić, Jasminka, Bajšanski, Igor, Malatesti, Luca, Pokrajac-Bulian, Alessandra, Žauhar, Valnea |
| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: | |
| Popis: | Psihopatija kao konstrukt predmet je interesa brojnim istraživačima oduvijek. Promatrano klinički ili subklinički, psihopatiju karakteriziraju bezobzirnost, manjak kajanja, egocentrizam i orijentiranost prema osobnoj dobiti kroz manipulaciju i iskorištavanje drugih pa čak i izravno povrjeđivanje istih. Cilj je ovog rada pobliže ispitati mogu li pojedinci s više izraženim psihopatskim tendencijama razumjeti i razmišljati o tome što se smatra varanjem ili rizičnim ponašanjem u određenoj situaciji, odabiru li utilitarističke odgovore i na dilemama niskog konflikta gdje je ukupna dobrobit utilitarističkog odgovora smanjena te donose li riskantne financijske odluke. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 244 sudionika (184Ž i 60M) koji su rješavali tri skupine Wasonovih zadatka, od čega su njih 234 (175Ž i 59M) riješili i zadatke moralnih dilema niskog konflikta te 232 (173Ž i 59M) zadatak financijskog odlučivanja. Raspon dobi sudionika kretao se od 18 do 68 godina. Ispitana je povezanost psihopatije i točnosti rješavanja Wasonovih zadataka, davanja utilitarističkih odgovora na moralnim dilemama i donošenju financijski riskantnih odluka, kao i razlikuju li se dvije kategorije sudionika s višom i nižom razinom psihopatije u točnosti, utilitarističkim odgovorima i riskantnim odlukama. Rezultati su pokazali negativnu povezanost psihopatije s točnošću na zadacima rezoniranja riskantnog ponašanja i deskriptivnih pravila, dok su među grupama dobivene razlike na sve tri skupine Wasonovih zadataka. Psihopatija je pozitivno povezana s davanjem utilitarističkih odgovora na moralnim dilemama te odabirom financijski riskantnijih odluka. The construct of psychopathy has always interested numerous researchers. Clinically or subclinically, psychopathy is characterized by negligence, lack of remorse, egocentrism, and orientation towards personal gain through manipulation and exploitation of others, as well as causing direct damage to others. The aim of this dissertation is to examine whether individuals with more pronounced psychopathic tendencies can understand and think about what counts as fake or risky behavior in a given situation, whether they choose utilitarian responses even in low conflict dilemmas where the overall benefit of the utilitarian response is reduced and whether they make risky financial decisions. The sample consisted of 244 participants (184 women and 60 men) who solved three types of Wason's tasks, of which 234 (175 women and 59 men) also solved and completed moral dilemmas and 232 (173 women and 59 men) completed the task of financial decision making. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 68 years. The correlations between psychopathy and accuracy of Wason's tasks, utilitarian answers to moral dilemmas and making financially risky decisions were tested. It was also tested whether two categories of participants with higher and lower levels of psychopathy differ in accuracy, in giving utilitarian responses, and in making risky decisions. The results show a negative correlation between psychopathy and accuracy in reasoning tasks of risking behavior and descriptive rules, while differences between the two groups of participants with lower and higher psychopathy tendences were found on all three types of Wason's tasks. Psychopathy is positively associated with providing utilitarian responses to moral dilemmas and choosing financially more risky decisions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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