Estudi de barreges de refrigerants en cicles liqüefacció de gas natural i biogas
| Autor: | Callejón Álvarez, Carles |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Ruiz Mansilla, Rafael, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Màquines i Motors Tèrmics, CRYOinox |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Gas as fuel -- Storage
Gasos -- Liqüefacció -- Disseny i construcció Gasos -- Liqüefacció -- Aspectes ambientals Gases -- Liquefaction -- Environmental aspects Combustibles gasosos -- Emmagatzematge Energies::Recursos energètics no renovables::Gas [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] Energies::Recursos energètics renovables::Biogàs [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] Gases -- Liquefaction -- Design and construction |
| Zdroj: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Popis: | Biogas is a renewable source of raw Biofuel that undergoes an upgrading process and is liquefied into Liquid Biomethane. Due to new EU directives, by 2026 the carbon footprint of Biofuel needs to be reduced an 80% of the fossil fuel equivalent carbon footprint to be considered renewable. The carbon footprint of Liquid Biomethane or BioLNG encompasses its obtention at source until its final energetical cost of production, meaning that the efficiency of the entire process is essential. Two obtain BioLNG there are two technical solutions: Biogas liquefaction integration at Biogas source or Biogas upgrading and injection into pipeline for later liquefaction integration from several sources. CRYOinox has developed several solution for the liquefaction process: pipeline gas liquefaction with an integrated polishing system called Cryopolish or directly from Biogas source, with an integrated upgrading called Cryoupgrading. The objective of this study is to optimise their current liquefaction solutions and their newly developed Cryoupgrading solution by reducing the specific consumption each installation. The model installation used for the study is a Single Mixed Refrigerant Liquefaction Installation. 4 different liquefaction cases with different liquefaction pressures have been considered: Light Natural Gas (40, 33 and 16 bar(a)), Heavy Natural Gas (40, 33 and 16 bar(a)), 65% CH4 Biogas (40, 16 bar(a)) and 55% CH4 Biogas (40 bar(a)). These last two liquefaction cases are for Cryoupgrading, while the first two are for a traditional biomethane liquefaction installation. Because there are too many different variables to study, a continuous analysis is not possible to do; therefore, a discreet approach has been taken. 4 expansion pressures, 5 refrigerant cold temperatures and 2 ambient temperatures have been considered, generating 40 different working conditions for one refrigerant composition. 9 blocks of 10 compositions have been generated using the reference composition used by CRYOinox and several academic research papers that focus on mixed refrigerant optimisation. Firstly, results for each block with Light Natural Gas at 40 bar(a) liquefaction pressure have been analysed. Out of all the blocks, only blocks 4, 5, and 5 have been found viable for further study. Secondly, new optimal compositions have been found for each case of liquefaction. To obtain results that are more accurate a more detailed approximation has been taken using the new optimal compositions found. Thirdly, the detailed approximation has determined the optimal composition for each case of liquefaction. Each liquefaction case has the following reduction in specific consumption: 5,26% for Light Natural Gas, 11,75% for Heavy Natural Gas, 31,07% for 65% CH4 Biogas and 34,75% for 55% CH4 Biogas. From this optimisation study, other than the numerical results, a few things have been concluded. In most liquefaction cases, a higher liquefaction pressure meant a reduction in specific consumption. The use of a chiller to reduce the effect of ambient temperature is always more efficient and reduces specific consumption; if the installation doesn’t allow for the installation of a chiller, the refrigerant composition that provides the biggest reduction in specific consumption is the composition that is optimal at the highest possible ambient temperature Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura::9.4 - Per a 2030, modernitzar les infraestructures i reconvertir les indústries perquè siguin sostenibles, usant els recursos amb més eficàcia i promovent l’adopció de tecnologies i processos industrials nets i racionals ambientalment, i aconseguint que tots els països adoptin mesures d’acord amb les capacitats respectives |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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