| Autor: |
Hoogeveen, Ellen K., Kostense, Pieter J., Jager, Agnes, Heine, Robert J., Jakobs, Cornelis, Bouter, Lex M., Donker, Ab J.M., Stehouwer, Coen D.A. |
| Rok vydání: |
1998 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Kidney International. 54(1):203-209 |
| ISSN: |
0085-2538 |
| DOI: |
10.1038/sj.ki.4495353 |
| Popis: |
Serum homocysteine level and protein intake are related to risk of microalbuminuria: The Hoorn Study.BackgroundMicroalbuminuria (MA) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease, but its causes are incompletely understood. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a recently recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of established risk factors. It is not known whether hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with MA, and thus could be a possible cause of microalbuminuria.MethodsWe studied an age-, sex- and glucose-tolerance-stratified random sample of a 50- to 75-year-old general Caucasian population (N 5 680). The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured in an early morning spot urine sample. MA was defined as an ACR > 3.0 mg/mmol.ResultsThe prevalence of MA was 4.3% (13 of 304) in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, 9.2% (17 of 185) in impaired glucose tolerance and 18.3% (30 of 164) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM); it was 3.7% (15 of 402) in subjects without hypertension and 17.9% (45 of 251) in those with hypertension. After adjusting for age, sex, glucose tolerance category, hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking, the odds ratio [OR; 95% confidence interval (95%CI)] for MA per 5 mmol/liter total homocysteine increment was 1.33 (1.08 to 1.63). Additional adjustment for HbA1c, waist-hip ratio, protein intake and serum creatinine did not attenuate the association between MA and total homocysteine. A 0.1 g/kg z day increment of protein intake was also associated with an increased risk for MA after adjustment for age, sex, classical risk factors and serum total homocysteine [OR (95% CI); 1.20 (1.08 to 1.32)].ConclusionBoth hyperhomocysteinemia and protein intake are related to microalbuminuria independent of NIDDM and hypertension. Hyper-homocysteinemia may partly explain the link between MA and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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