Changes in ozone over Europe: Analysis of ozone measurements from sondes, regular aircraft (MOZAIC) and alpine surface sites

Autor: Logan J. A., Staehelin J., Megretskaia I. A., Cammas J. P., Thouret V., Claude H., De Backer H., Steinbacher M., Scheel H. E., Stuebi R., Froehlich M., Derwent R.
Přispěvatelé: Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), Harvard University [Cambridge], Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Ozone et Précurseurs (O3P ), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] (IRM), Laboratory of Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Thun] (EMPA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Payerne Aerological Station, Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Air Pollution Control and Climate Change Mitigation, Environment Agency Austria, Rdscientific [Newbury], Harvard University, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique [Bruxelles] - Royal Meteorological Institute (IRM), Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EMPA), Umweltbundesamt GmbH = Environment Agency Austria
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2012
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union, 2012, 117, D09301-23pp. ⟨10.1029/2011JD016952⟩
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2012, 117, D09301-23pp. ⟨10.1029/2011JD016952⟩
Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres
ISSN: 2169-897X
2169-8996
Popis: International audience; We use ozone observations from sondes, regular aircraft, and alpine surface sites in a self-consistent analysis to determine robust changes in the time evolution of ozone over Europe. The data are most coherent since 1998, with similar interannual variability and trends. Ozone has decreased slowly since 1998, with an annual mean trend of −0.15 ppb yr−1 at ∼3 km and the largest decrease in summer. There are some substantial differences between the sondes and other data, particularly in the early 1990s. The alpine and aircraft data show that ozone increased from late 1994 until 1998, but the sonde data do not. Time series of differences in ozone between pairs of locations reveal inconsistencies in various data sets. Differences as small as few ppb for 2-3 years lead to different trends for 1995-2008, when all data sets overlap. Sonde data from Hohenpeissenberg and in situ data from nearby Zugspitze show ozone increased by ∼1 ppb yr−1 during 1978-1989. We construct a mean alpine time series using data for Jungfraujoch, Zugspitze, and Sonnblick. Using Zugspitze data for 1978-1989, and the mean time series since 1990, we find that the ozone increased by 6.5-10 ppb in 1978-1989 and 2.5-4.5 ppb in the 1990s and decreased by 4 ppb in the 2000s in summer with no significant changes in other seasons. It is hard to reconcile all these changes with trends in emissions of ozone precursors, and in ozone in the lowermost stratosphere. We recommend data sets that are suitable for evaluation of model hindcasts.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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