Aurora A depletion reveals centrosome-independent polarization mechanism in Caenorhabditis elegans
| Autor: | Klinkert, Kerstin, Levernier, Nicolas, Gross, Peter, Gentili, Christian, von Tobel, Lukas, Pierron, Marie, Busso, Coralie, Herrman, Sarah, Grill, Stephan W, Kruse, Karsten, Gönczy, Pierre |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
par proteins
anterior-posterior polarity QH301-705.5 Science symmetry-breaking anaphase-promoting complex ddc:500.2 pattern-formation symmetry breaking cell polarity c-elegans ddc:540 a kinase physical analysis Medicine cortical flows anterior-posterior axis anteroposterior axis Aurora A Biology (General) |
| Zdroj: | eLife, Vol 8 (2019) eLife, Vol. 8, No e44552 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 2050-084X |
| Popis: | How living systems break symmetry in an organized manner is a fundamental question in biology. In wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes, symmetry breaking during anterior-posterior axis specification is guided by centrosomes, resulting in anterior-directed cortical flows and a single posterior PAR-2 domain. We uncover that C. elegans zygotes depleted of the Aurora A kinase AIR-1 or lacking centrosomes entirely usually establish two posterior PAR-2 domains, one at each pole. We demonstrate that AIR-1 prevents symmetry breaking early in the cell cycle, whereas centrosomal AIR-1 instructs polarity initiation thereafter. Using triangular microfabricated chambers, we establish that bipolarity of air-1(RNAi) embryos occurs effectively in a cell-shape and curvature-dependent manner. Furthermore, we develop an integrated physical description of symmetry breaking, wherein local PAR-2-dependent weakening of the actin cortex, together with mutual inhibition of anterior and posterior PAR proteins, provides a mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking without centrosomes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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