Advances in neonatal nutrition: a step forward infant formula biomimetic of human milk structure and digestive behaviour

Autor: Claire Bourlieu, Amélie Deglaire, Samira Cássia de Oliveira, Olivia Ménard, Yann Le Gouar, Frédéric Carriere
Přispěvatelé: Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Enzymologie interfaciale et de physiologie de la lipolyse (EIPL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: 15. Euro Fed Lipid Congress Oil, Fats and Lipids: New Technologies and Applications for a Healthier Life
15. Euro Fed Lipid Congress Oil, Fats and Lipids: New Technologies and Applications for a Healthier Life, Aug 2017, Uppsala, Sweden
HAL
2017; 15. Euro Fed Lipid Congress Oil, Fats and Lipids: New Technologies and Applications for a Healthier Life, Uppsala, SWE, 2017-08-27-2017-08-30
Popis: Lipids of human milk or infant formula convey most of the energy necessary to support the newborn growth. Until recently, infant formula chemical composition had been optimized but not their structure. And yet, more and more proofs of evidence have shown that lipids structure in human milk modulates digestion kinetics and is involved in metabolic programming. Indeed there is a striking difference of structure between human milk which is an emulsion based on dispersed milk fat globules (4 µm) secreted by the mammary gland and the submicronic neoformed lipid droplets (0.5 µm) found in infant formula. These droplets result from a series of operation units. This difference of structure modifies digestion kinetics and emulsion disintegration in the intestinal tract of the newborn. This difference persists along gastric phase which is mainly dominated by acid and enzyme-induced aggregation. Lipid droplets size is thus the key parameter to control gastric lipolysis, gastric emptying and intestinal lipolysis. This parameter also controls proteolysis since adsorbed proteins are more rapidly hydrolyzed than when in solution. In animal models, these differences of lipid structure would also impact digestive and immune systems’ maturation and microbiota. Lipid structure during neonatal period would also be involved in the early programming of adipose tissues and metabolism. The supplementation of infant formulas with bovine milk fractions (milk fat globule membrane extracts, triacylglycerol) or recent development of large droplets infant formula biomimetic of human milk lipid structure, along with new fields of innovation in neonatal nutrition, will be reviewed. Despite these recent innovations, more data on the structure of human milk throughout lactation and on the digestive behaviour of specific fractions of human milk lipids are still needed to build a sound basis for the optimization of infant formula. A better understanding of fractions that escape enzymatic digestion in the upper tract, and serve as substrates for microbiota, may help controlling microbiota shifts that exist between breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Combinations of factors (synbiotics and lipid structure) and more staging, seem important levers to further improve infant formula but their efficacy and safety still have to be assessed in clinical trials.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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