Etude de l'impact de l'acidification par électrodialyse à membranes bipolaires et par résines échangeuses de cations sur les composés azotés et les minéraux du moût de raisin

Autor: Bouissou, Delphine, Escudier, Jean-Louis, Salmon, Jean-Michel, Casalta, Erick
Přispěvatelé: Unité expérimentale de Pech-Rouge (PECH ROUGE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité expérimentale de Pech-Rouge, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Jazyk: francouzština
Rok vydání: 2014
Předmět:
Zdroj: Bulletin de l'OIV
Bulletin de l'OIV, Oiv Office International de la Vigne & du Vin, 2014, 87 (104-105-106), pp.537-556
ISSN: 0029-7127
Popis: Bipolar membranes electrodialysis or cation-exchange resins are acidification processes for musts and wines, which allows to control extraction of cations. The impact of both processes on nitrogen molecules and mineral content has been studied in four grape musts (two red and two white) at different levels of acidification (pH decreases of O,2O, O,25 and 0.60 pH Units, respectively). The four tested musts were acidified on one hand by bipolar membrane electrodialysis, and on the other hand by contact with resins, which means that an exact quantity of resins was added to the must to obtain the pH decrease in the whole must under stirring. On one of the white musts, acidification with resins was also performed by percolation of a fraction of the must in a resin column, and the obtained acidified fraction was blended to the initial must in order to reach the three levels of acidification needed. Results show that potassium is the most extracted cation, and, on three of the four tested musts, the bipolar membrane electrodialysis process extracts most of the cations. Bipolar membrane electrodialysis allows more extraction of ammonium ions, but the resins remove more assimilable amino-acids. The impact of the acidification processes on the must nitrogen content depends on the color of the must: for red musts, bipolar membrane electrodialysis extracts more nitrogen than resins, and for whites musts the opposite situation is observed, whatever the acidification method used (contact or percolation). Resins extract more total nitrogen than bipolar membranes electrodialysis, especially for higher levels of acidification. Both processes, aimed to extract cations, reduce the mineral content of musts, as expected. The impact of both processes on the assimilable nitrogen contents of the musts is significant; resins extract more total nitrogen than bipolar membranes electrodialysis. The extraction of nitrogen is more important for high levels of acidification. Therefore, acidification of musts that exhibit a low content of assimilable nitrogen may require nitrogen supplementation to avoid slow or sluggish fermentations.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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