The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory

Autor: Aab , A., Gate , F., Caccianiga , D, Camin , M, Candusso , L, Caramete , R, Caruso , A., Castellina , A, Castera , G, Cataldi , L, Cazon , R, Cester , A, Lautridou , Pascal, Chavez , A, Chiavassa , J, Chinellato , M, Chiosso , J, Chudoba , M, Clark , R, Clay , G, Cocciolo , R, Colalillo , A, Coleman , L, Maller , J., Collica , E, Colombo , S, Colonges , M, Coluccia , R, Conceição , F, Contreras , M, Cooper , J, Coppens , A, Cordier , B., Courty , S, Marin , V., Coutu , C, Covault , J, Cronin , A, Curutiu , R, Dallier , B, Daniel , S, Dasso , K, Daumiller , B, Dawson , R, De Almeida , M, Martin , L., De Domenico , C, De Donato , S, De Jong , J, De , Mello, Neto , I, De Mitri , J, De Oliveira , V, De Souza , K, De Vries , L, Del Peral , O, Ravel , O., Deligny , H, Dembinski , N, Dhital , C, Giulio , A, Di Matteo , J, Diaz , M, Castro , F, Diogo , C, Dobrigkeit , W, Docters , J, Revenu , B., D 'olivo , P, Dolron , A, Dorofeev , Q, Dorosti Hasankiadeh , M, Dova , J, Ebr , R, Engel , L, Epele , M, Erdmann , M, Erfani , C, Cordier , A., Escobar , J., Espadanal , A, Etchegoyen , P, Facal , San, Luis , H, Falcke , K, Fang , G, Farrar , A, Fauth , N, Fazzini , A, Gamez , D. Garcia, Ferguson , M, Fernandes , A, Ferrero , B, Kégl , Balázs, Avenier , M., Ragaigne , D. Monnier, Veberic , D., Samarai , I. Al, Deligny , O., Lhenry-Yvon , I., Martraire , D., Salamida , F., Suomijärvi , T., Abreu , M, Aglietta , E, Berat , C., Ahn , I, Al Samarai , J, Albert , I, Albuquerque , I, Allekotte , J, Allen , P., Allison , A, Almela , J, Alvarez Castillo , J, Alvarez-Muñiz , R, Le Coz , S., Alves Batista , M, Ambrosio , A, Aminaei , L, Anchordoqui , S, Andringa , C, Aramo , V, Aranda , K, Arisaka , F, Arneodo , F, Arqueros , T, Lebrun , D., Asch , H, Asorey , P, Assis , J., Aublin , M, Ave , M, Avenier , G., Avila , N, Awal , A, Badescu , M, Balzer , K, Louedec , K., Barber , A, Barbosa , N, Barenthien , M, Barkhausen , J, Bäuml , C, Baus , J, Beatty , K, Becker , J, Bellido , S, Benzvi , C, Montanet , F., Berat , T, Bergmann , M, Bertaina , X, Bertou , P, Biermann , R, Bilhaut , P, Billoir , S, Blaess , M, Blanco , C., Bleve , H, Stutz , A., Blümer , M, Boháčová , H, Bolz , D, Boncioli , C, Bonifazi , R, Bonino , M, Boratav , N, Borodai , F, Bracci , J, Brack , I, Dallier , R., Brancus , A, Bridgeman , P, Brogueira , W, Brown , P, Buchholz , A, Bueno , S, Buitink , M, Buscemi , K, Caballero-Mora , B, Caccianiga , L.
Přispěvatelé: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie ( LPSC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay ( USN ), Observatoire de Paris-Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes ( SUBATECH ), Mines Nantes ( Mines Nantes ) -Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Rene Rachou Research Center, STMicroelectronics [Crolles] ( ST-CROLLES ), Dipartimento de Ingenieria Quimica y Quimica Inorganica, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania ( INFN ), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée ( DAPNIA ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire d'aérologie - LA ( LA ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Fundación Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargüe, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leñas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina, the Australian Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Grants # 2010/07359-6 and # 1999/05404-3, Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil, MSMT-CRLG13007, 7AMB14AR005, CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0058 and the Czech Science Foundation Grant 14-17501S, Czech Republic, Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Régional Ile-de-France, Département Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Département Sciences de l׳Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS),Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Württemberg, Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein Westfalen, Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell׳Istruzione, dell׳Università e della Ricerca (MIUR), Gran Sasso Center for Astroparticle Physics (CFA), CETEMPS Center of Excellence, Italy, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Mexico, Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands, National Centre for Research and Development, Grant nos. ERA-NET-ASPERA/01/11 and ERA-NET-ASPERA/02/11, National Science Centre, Grant nos. 2013/08/M/ST9/00322, and 2013/08/M/ST9/00728 and HARMONIA 5 – 2013/10/M/ST9/00062, Poland, Portuguese national funds and FEDER funds within COMPETE – Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade through Fundação para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal, Romanian Authority for Scientific Research ANCS, CNDI-UEFISCDI partnership projects nos. 20/2012 and nr.194/2012, project nos. 1/ASPERA2/2012 ERA-NET, PN-II-RU-PD-2011-3-0145-17, and PN-II-RU-PD-2011-3-0062, the Minister of National Education, Programme for research – Space Technology and Advanced Research – STAR, project number 83/2013, Romania, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia, Comunidad de Madrid, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Xunta de Galicia, Spain, Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom, Department of Energy, Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, DE-FG02-99ER41107 and DE-SC0011689, National Science Foundation, Grant no. 0450696, The Grainger Foundation, USA, NAFOSTED, Vietnam, Marie Curie-IRSES/EPLANET, European Particle Physics Latin American Network, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant no. PIRSES-2009-GA-246806, and UNESCO., Pierre AUGER, ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02/10-LABX-0063,ILP,Institute Lagrange of Paris ( 2011 ), European Project : 328826,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IEF,AUGER2FUTURE ( 2013 ), UNIVERSIDADE DE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA )
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
detector [cosmic radiation]
interaction [cosmic radiation]
Ultra-high Energy
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Air fluorescence detectors
Light
Water Cherenkov detectors
Emission
design [detector]
VHE [cosmic radiation]
Extensive Air-showers
High energy cosmic rays
ddc:530
fluorescence [air]
fluorescence [detector]
Hybrid observatory
Radiation
Fluorescence Yield
performance [detector]
Atmospheric Multiple-scattering
Pierre Auger Observatory
Auger
Surface Detector Array
Lower Ionosphere
network [detector]
Reconstruction
[ PHYS.ASTR.IM ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Instrumentation
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Zdroj: Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research / A 798, 172-213 (2015). doi:10.1016/j.nima.2015.06.058
RI
The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory. Elsevier Science Bv, v. 798, p. 172-213 OCT-2015.
UNICAMP
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Elsevier, 2015, 798, pp.172-213. 〈10.1016/j.nima.2015.06.058〉
WOS
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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HAL-CEA
Hal-Diderot
ISSN: 0168-9002
Popis: See paper for full list of authors – Paper submitted to NIM A; International audience; The Pierre Auger Observatory, located on a vast, high plain in western Argentina, is the world's largest cosmic ray observatory. The objectives of the Observatory are to probe the origin and characteristics of cosmic rays above $10^{17}$ eV and to study the interactions of these, the most energetic particles observed in nature. The Auger design features an array of 1660 water-Cherenkov particle detector stations spread over 3000 km$^2$ overlooked by 24 air fluorescence telescopes. In addition, three high elevation fluorescence telescopes overlook a 23.5 km$^2$, 61 detector infill array. The Observatory has been in successful operation since completion in 2008 and has recorded data from an exposure exceeding 40,000 km$^2$ sr yr. This paper describes the design and performance of the detectors, related subsystems and infrastructure that make up the Auger Observatory.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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