In vivo and macrophage response of graphene and its derivatives
| Autor: | Pérez-Maceda, B. T., José-Pinilla, S., Lozano, R.M., Aguado- Henche, S., Clemente de Arriba, C., Alobera-Gracia, M. A., García-Alonso, M. C., Escudero Rincón, María Lorenza |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| Popis: | The possible application in the biomedical field of reduced Graphene oxide (ErGO) on CoCr alloy has been studied. Biocompatibility tests were carried out on ErGO/CoCr alloy. The discrepancy of in vivo results found in the literature regarding the side effects of graphene led to perform an in vivo study with graphene. Biocompatibility tests of ErGO/CoCr were evaluated in J774A.1 mouse macrophages cultures. Mitochondrial activity (WST-1 assay) and plasma membrane damage (LDH assay) were measured to evaluate biocompatibility and cytotoxicity, respectively. The ratio of LDH/WST-1 activities was used as an index of biocompatibility as relates cell death and cell number, reaching a low value on ErGO/CoCr. Morphological analyses of macrophages cultures revealed different cell distribution and morphology on CoCr and ErGO/CoCr, after 48 h exposure. Optical microscopy and secondary electron microscopy images showed macrophages on the ErGO/CoCr well-distributed and conserved characteristic cell shape. These results show an improvement in the CoCr biocompatibility due to ErGO films. In vivo tests of graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets were carried out by intraperitoneal inoculation in rats to evaluate possible changes in the blood line and organs after 15 and 30 days. Optical microscopy of liver, kidney, spleen or lung, revealed no visible histological alterations. However, traces of particles were found in the peritoneal cavity. The blood analysis showed alterations indicative of the hepatic inflammatory process. Haematological changes after 30 days consisted of alterations of the red series as microcytosis with a higher concentration of mean haemoglobin. In addition, alteration in prothrombin and thromboplastin caused a longer coagulation time. The authors acknowledge the financial support from MAT2015-67750-C3. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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