Lifestyle predicts falls independent of physical risk factors
| Autor: | Faulkner, KA, Cauley, JA, Studenski, SA, Landsittel, DP, Cummings, SR, Ensrud, KE, Donaldson, MG, Nevitt, MC, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Aging
and promotion of well-being Clinical Sciences Biomedical Engineering Motor Activity Dizziness Endocrinology & Metabolism Age Distribution Clinical Research Behavioral and Social Science Activities of Daily Living Humans Prospective Studies Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group Life Style Aged Anthropometry Behavioral risk factors Prevention Rehabilitation Injuries and accidents Prevention of disease and conditions Lifestyle Physical risk factors United States Risk factors Public Health and Health Services 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing Accidental Falls Female Falls Patient Safety Fall rates |
| Zdroj: | Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, vol 20, iss 12 |
| Popis: | SummaryMany falls occur among older adults with no traditional risk factors. We examined potential independent effects of lifestyle on fall risk. Not smoking and going outdoors frequently or infrequently were independently associated with more falls, indicating lifestyle-related behavioral and environmental risk factors are important causes of falls in older women.IntroductionPhysical and lifestyle risk factors for falls and population attributable risks (PAR) were examined.MethodsWe conducted a 4-year prospective study of 8,378 community-dwelling women (mean age = 71 years, SD = 3) enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Data on number of falls were self-reported every 4 months. Fall rates were calculated (# falls/woman-years). Poisson regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR).ResultsPhysical risk factors (p < or = 0.05 for all) included tall height (RR = 0.89 per 5 in.), dizziness (RR = 1.16), fear of falling (RR = 1.20), self-reported health decline (RR = 1.19), difficulty with Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) (RR = 1.12, per item), fast usual-paced walking speed (RR = 1.18, per 2 SD), and use of antidepressants (RR = 1.20), benzodiazepines (RR = 1.11), or anticonvulsants (RR = 1.62). Protective physical factors (p < or = 0.05 for all) included good visual acuity (RR = 0.87, per 2 SD) and good balance (RR = 0.85 vs. poor). Lifestyle predicted fewer falls including current smoking (RR = 0.76), going outdoors at least twice weekly but not more than once a day (RR = 0.89 and vs. twice daily). High physical activity was associated with more falls but only among IADL impaired women. Five potentially modifiable physical risk factors had PAR > or = 5%.ConclusionsFall interventions addressing modifiable physical risk factors with PAR > or = 5% while considering environmental/behavioral risk factors are indicated. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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