| Popis: |
This paper is a follow-up research of Matsumoto (2004, 2007), which examined the international air passenger and cargo flows within and among the Asian, European and American regions and revealed the air traffic density of world major cities between 1982 and 2000. After 1990 up to now, however, new international airports started up one after another in Asia: Shenzhen (1991), Osaka/Kansai (1994), Macau (1995), Kuala Lumpur (1998), Hong Kong (1998), Shanghai/Pudong (1999), Seoul/Incheon (2001), Guangzhou (2004), Nagoya/Chubu (2005), Tianjin (2005) and Bangkok (2006), while Tokyo/Narita, Tokyo/Haneda, Singapore, Taipei/Taoyuan etc. have expanded their runways or terminals. This indicates these two previous studies didn’t fully reflect the effects of new airports on the air traffic density of cities. The main objective of this paper is to show the shifting competitive positions among primary airports in this region. After evaluating the international air passenger and cargo flows in 2009, the air traffic density of major cities and cities with a new airport in the region after 2001 is clarified by a basic gravity model composed of GDP, population and distance, introducing city-dummy variables. The results reveal that Seoul, Hong Kong, Tokyo and Guangzhou are strengthening their positions as international air transportation hubs, among which Guangzhou is growing at an extraordinary rate. |
