| Popis: |
Background and purpose: The increasing prevalence of obesity and obsity-related conditions (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, arthritis coronary artery disease) in primary care settings challenges the health care system. The primary research objective was to examine medical and biopsychological characteristics of overweight and obese patients. Methods: Analysis was made on 196 patients (103 , ales and 193 females), between the ages of 16 to 81 (average age 50, 41) and having an elevated body mass index (BMI). In relation to their BMI they were divided in three groups. Group I included patients with BMI ranging from 25 to 29.9, group II patients with BMI from 30 to 34.9, and group III patients with BMI ≥ 35. We compared medical (glucose, cholesterol, tryglicerides, HDL-cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body fat percentage) and psychological parameters (pros and cons of losing weight, self-efficacy and four stages of change according to transtheoretical model) in patients included in study. A2(gender) X3(BMI) ANOVA was computed to examine the effect of these variables on four stages of change, pros and cons of losing weight, self-efficacy according to transtheoretical model of behaviour change. Results: Females found more advantages in change of eating habits and life stile than males, and males differed significantly in results on precontemplation compared to females. Males are higher in self-efficacy, they are more confident in their ability to carry out a desired behaviour - losing weight. ANOVA showed statistically significant difference among obese and overweight patients in goal weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body fat percentage, glucose, and cholesterol serum level. People with higher BMI >30 found more advantages (pros) over disadvantages (cons) of weight loss. Results showed that overweight and obese people have serious medical problems. They also differed in some psychological characteristics that have to be taking in consideration. Therefore approach to these patients should be mutlidisciplinary including dietary care, physical activity, psychological, and medical care. |
