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Aim: to describe epidemiology of the viral hepatitis A, B, C, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STD) and to estimate prevalence of HAV, HBV, HCV infections among first time non-remunerated blood donors population. Methodology: The study received approval from Vilnius Regional Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. First time non-remunerated blood donors participated in anonymous questionnaire survey in NGO National Blood Center. For anti-HAV, anti-HCV, anti-HBs, anti-Hbcor and HBsAg detection was used immunoenzyme method and for HBV DNR ir HCV RNR - nucleic acid amplification test. The Mantel trend test and linear regression method was used to evaluate the trend of viral hepatitis, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. The prevalence of viral hepatitis serological markers was expressed in percentage points, the precision was evaluated at the confidence intervals (CI) of 95%, the comparison of categorical data was made using χ2 test and Fisher‘s exact test. For data analysis the following tests were used: for the risk factors – binary logistic regression; goodness of fit – Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 test; Cox and Snell R Square, Classification Table. The statistical significance level p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 200 respondents haven been interviewed. Only 188 first time non-remunerated blood donors were selected for further analysis. Respondents minimum of age was 18 and maximum - 52 (Mean=22,6; Med=20,0), 47,9 % (n=90) of them were males, 52,1 % (n=98) - females, 92,0 %. – city residents, 8 % – rural residents. Prevalence of HBsAg - 0,53 %. (95 % Confidence Interval (CI) 0,01 – 2,93); anti-HBcor -2,5 pct. (95% CI 0,68-6,20); anti-HBs-55,82 %. (95 % CI 47,85-63,59); anti-HCV-1,6 % (95 % CI 0,33 – 4,59), anti-HAV- 14,77 % (95 % CI 9,49 – 21,50). Prevalence of anti-HAV among non-vaccinated against hepatitis A subjetcs was 13,20 %. (95 % CI 7,75 - 20,58 ). The main factors of anti-HAV seropositivity: vaccine against HAV (OR=6,0, 95% CI 1,19-30,19), medical treatment in hospital (OR=0,3, 95% CI 0,1-0,95); anti- HBs: education (OR=4,77, 95% CI 1,2-18,99), age (OR=0,04, 95% CI 0,0-0,29). Icidence of syphilis kept stable. Icidence of Gonococcal infections decreased (male - p=0,046, female - p=0,03, city - p=0,03 and rural - p=0,03). Icidence of chlamydia infection decreased among females and city residents (respectively p=0,004 and p=0,01) and kept stable among males and rural residents. Incidence of HIV has increased. After 2008, icidence of viral hepatitis kept stable. Conclusions: Prevalence of HBV and HBC infection in non-remunerated blood donors population is relatively small, therefore non-remunerated donation should be encouraged to ensure blood and its components recipients safety. Extrapolation of HBsAg and anti-HCV prevalence gives a conclusion, that there is at least 14 000 HBV and 42 000 HCV infection carriers in Lithuania. Anti-HAV prevalence shows non-intensive HAV circulation and low-level collective immunity in adult population. 2005-2011 incidence of STD kept stable , HIV - has increased. Till 2008 incidence of viral hepatitis is decreasing, later kept stable. |
