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This thesis focuses upon the origins and spatial practices of rural based juvenile reformatory schools which developed during the mid-Victorian period (1840-1880) in response to the anxiety within Victorian society regarding the delinquency of urban working-class youth. This thesis examines the notion of the rural idyll, that is idealised notions of rural life and its inherent morality, and the social climate behind its promotion as the solution to the problem of urban juvenile delinquency in the mid-Victorian period. The study then critically examines the managed spatial practices of three juvenile reformatories that were inspired and informed by the ideal of the rural as a model for their reformative programmes. This involves close scrutiny and evaluation of how the spaces at the disposal of these regimes were managed and manipulated in order to educate, train and morally regenerate their inmates. The study then provides a comparative analysis of many of the key reformatory practices employed at all three institutions in order to evaluate their relative effectiveness. The three institutions studied are: The Philanthropic Society Farm School, Redhill, Surrey; the Mount St. Bernard Reformatory School, Whitwick, Leicestershire; and The Yorkshire Catholic Reformatory School, Market Weighton, East Yorkshire. |
