Durum wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars from south Italy: a map of genetic diversity
| Autor: | Margiotta B., M. Urbano, G. Colaprico, A.S. Colecchia, D.B.M. Ficco, G. Laido, P. De Vita |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | International Symposium Genetics and breeding of durum wheat., pp. 90–90, Rome, Italy, May 27-30, 2013 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Margiotta B., M. Urbano, G. Colaprico, A.S. Colecchia, D.B.M. Ficco, G. Laido, P. De Vita/congresso_nome:International Symposium Genetics and breeding of durum wheat./congresso_luogo:Rome, Italy/congresso_data:May 27-30, 2013/anno:2013/pagina_da:90/pagina_a:90/intervallo_pagine:90–90 |
| Popis: | Landraces and obsolete durum wheat cultivars bave been successfully maintained in situ and ex situ and both "on-farm" and "in long-term storage" safeguarding useful traits along with characters of minor interest for crop improvement. Modem phenotyping and genotyping approaches bave been recently adopted in breeding programs to explore this gen11plasm supporting the introgression of some valuable trait into modem cultivars. Twenty-seven old durum wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars from South Italy were investigated for two years in field trials in order to identify nove! sources of genetic variability for wheat grain quality improvement. A selected number of grain quality traits (thousand-kemels weight, hectoliter weight, protein content, carotenoid content, gluten index) were evaluated according to AACC Intemational Methods and protein components of wheat kemel (gliadins, glutenins, waxy proteins) identified by biochemical techniques (ID-PAGE). A set of 26 SSR molecular markers was also used to explore the genetic diversity. Comparative analyses of phenotypic and genotypic data showed the maintenance of high genetic variability in the old durum wheat gem1plam. Significant differences among landraces, obsolete and modem cultivars were observed for grain protein content. Biochemical characterization of gliadins and glutenin subunits (low and high molecular weight glutenin subunits, LMW-GSs and HMW-GSs) established that twenty possessed gliadin y-45 and LMW-GS2, three y-42 and the LMW-GSl and four y-43,5 with different forms of LMW-GSs. The analysis of HMW-GSs showed alleles usually present in dmum wheat and three new allelic variants. The two common fonns of waxy proteins were also identified in ali landraces and cultivars. Extensive polymorphism was detected at molecular leve!. The results suggested that unexplored genetic diversity was stili available in landraces and obsolete durum wheat cultivars which were assembled in groups of genotypes on a regional geographical basis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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