Impact of interacting climate change factors on the ecophysiology, toxin gene expression and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius

Autor: Carla Cervini, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Esther Garcia-Cela, Angel Medina, Nareh Magan, Donato Magistà, Massimo Ferrara, Antonia Gallo, Giancarlo Perrone
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: The 2019 ICFM Food Mycology Conference on "Food-and Airborne Fungi-Chanllenges for Food Safety and Supply", pp. 26, Freising, Germany, 03-05/06/2019
info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Carla Cervini, Carol Verheecke-Vaessen, Esther Garcia-Cela, Angel Medina, Nareh Magan, Donato Magistà, Massimo Ferrara, Antonia Gallo, Giancarlo Perrone/congresso_nome:The 2019 ICFM Food Mycology Conference on "Food-and Airborne Fungi-Chanllenges for Food Safety and Supply"/congresso_luogo:Freising, Germany/congresso_data:03-05%2F06%2F2019/anno:2019/pagina_da:26/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:26
Popis: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent pentaketide nephrotoxin widely contaminating food and feed products (grains, legumes, coffee, dried fruits, meat derived products, beer and wine). OTA is the primary mycotoxin risk in wine and dried vine fruits. The contamination of grapes and wine is strongly related to climatic conditions during cultivation. There is little information on the impact that climate change environmental fluxes may have on fungal colonization and ochratoxin A contamination of grapes. It has been suggested that the Mediterranean region is a hot spot for the impact of climate change scenarios with temperatures expected to increase by +2-5°C and CO2 to double or triple (400 ppm vs 800/1200 ppm) in the medium term. The northern region of Apulia, in the south of Italy, is normally considered to be an area where the risk of OTA in vineyards is relatively low. This study has examined the effect of i) increased temperature in the alternating day/night cycle (15-28°C vs 18-34°C), ii) existing and predicted CO2 concentrations (400 vs 1000 ppm), iii) conditions where water is freely available or drought stress is imposed (0.99 vs 0.93 aw ) in A. carbonarius strains (ITEM 7444, ITEM 5010 and B7), grown on grape-based matrices, by analysis of growth rate, OTA production and expression of key toxin biosynthetic genes. The results showed that in both non-stressed aw and drought stressed conditions the effect of elevated CO2 (1000 ppm) caused a general positive stimulation of growth rates at both the temperature cycles. Furthermore, while differences in the alternating day/night temperatures at 400 ppm and 0.99 aw did not result in any variation in OTA production, elevated CO2 condition (1000 ppm) was observed to stimulate OTA production especially at the 15-28°C cycle. These results were confirmed by gene expression analysis showing higher expression levels of OTA related genes at higher CO2 concentration. This study showed for the first time that elevated CO2 concentrations under different fluxes in day/night temperatures in the Mediterranean region may result in an increasing of OTA risk contamination in the production chain, being grapes destined for wine production less resilient under climate change scenarios.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: