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Textile materials exposed to plasma undergo chemical and physical transformations in their surface layer and the resulting final properties include increased hydrophilicity, wettability, adhesion properties, improved dyeing and printing properties, electrostatic properties, etc. The present research is focused on the optimization of plasma process parameters for achieving targeted functional properties of different textile materials. Activation of textile materials surface was carried out using low-pressure plasma system (LP-Nano LF-40 kHz, Diener) with O2 as non-polymerizing gas at optimized process parameters. Plasma was investigated by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and the process parameters for which oxygen concentrations were known have been used. For OES measurements Avantes AvaSpec 3648 16-bit CCD spectrometer with a nominal spectral resolution of 0.8 nm in the optical range from 200 to 1100 nm was used. Morphology of the fibers surface were analyzed using SEM microscopy, while the wettability properties of all samples were explored by testing capillary rise of water by vertical test. To achieve antibacterial properties of the cotton, lyocell and modal fabrics, solution of silver nitrate was used, while for dyeing of the lyocell and modal fabrics reactive phthalocyanine dyestuff was applied. Wool fabrics were treated with aqueous plant extract of Punica granatum L.- Punicaceae, by using exhaustion method, with or without 2% KAl(SO4)2 and 0, 1M AgNO3 solution of metal salts. Results indicate that the pretreatment of the surfaces with O2 plasma certainly increases the exhaustion rate of treated fabrics with phthalocyanine and natural dyes. The antibacterial efficiency against selected bacteria was also confirmed. Pretreatment with oxygen plasma indicates the changes in the surface layer of the fibers, which are in correlation with the increasing degree of wettability of all samples. |
